How to say "thought" in Japanese

Choosing the right word
  • 思いおもいCommon
    nounCovers a thought as something that rises in the mind, often charged with emotion — feelings for a person, a wish, a longing. Closer to 'feeling' than to detached reasoning.
  • 思考しこうJLPT N1approx.Common
    suru verb, transitive verb, intransitive verb, no-adjectiveThought as an activity or process — the mind working through something, reasoning things out. This is the word for discussing how someone thinks, or for careful, deliberate thought.
    彼女かのじょの思考法しこうほうは合理的ごうりてきだった。↗
    Her way of thinking was rational.
  • 思想しそうJLPT N3approx.Common
    nounThought in the intellectual sense: a body or system of ideas, such as the thought of a philosopher or a political ideology. Not for an individual passing thought.
    我々われわれは言葉ことばによって思想しそうを表現ひょうげんする。↗
    We express thought with language.
  • 考えかんがえJLPT N3approx.Common
    nounThe word for one's thinking on a particular matter — a view, opinion or idea about something. What you offer when asked for your thoughts on a question or plan.
    あなたの考かんがえを言いってください。↗
    Please tell me what you think.
  • 念ねんJLPT N1approx.Common
    nounGlossed 'thought', but seldom the word you want on its own; it chiefly conveys mindful attention or concern, and is met mainly in set expressions rather than as a free-standing noun for 'thought'.
    その光景こうけいを見みて私は驚異きょういの念ねんにうたれた。↗
    The sight struck me with wonder.

Use 「思い」 for a thought tinged with feeling, 思考 for thinking as a process, 思想 for systems of ideas, 「考え」 for one's view on a matter, and 念 only in set expressions.

Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only

Japanese equivalents
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JLPT vocabulary levels are community estimates, not official (no official lists have been published since the 2010 revision).

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