はるか・遥か・遙かharuka[1]atamadaka (head-high)
This browser can't play pronunciations (needs Safari 18.4 or later, or Chrome / Edge / Firefox).
- na-adjective, adverbfar away; far off; far; distant; in the distance
- na-adjective, adverblong ago; long before
Conjugation
| Plain form | はるか |
|---|---|
| Polite (desu) | はるかです |
| Negative (dewa nai) | はるかではない |
| polite (dewa arimasen) | はるかではありません |
| Past (datta) | はるかだった |
| Past negative (dewa nakatta) | はるかではなかった |
| Te form (de) | はるかで |
| Adverbial (ni) | はるかに |
| Conditional (nara) | はるかなら |
Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.
- Synonym遠いとおいNeutralPlain adjective for 'far' (「駅が遠い」) and the everyday default in speech; 「はるか」 is stronger, suggests vast distance, and can also mean 'by far'.
- Synonym遼遠りょうえんWrittenWritten word for 'remote, far off' (「前途遼遠」), mostly used in set phrases; not for casual speech.
- Synonym悠遠ゆうえんWrittenWritten word for what is far off and long past (「悠遠の昔」); has a distinctly literary flavor.
- Related程遠いほどとおいNeutralAdjective for being far apart or far short of something (「完成には程遠い」); usually about falling short of a goal or standard.
- Related人里離れたひとざとはなれたNeutralSet expression for a lonely, out-of-the-way spot (「人里離れた山奥」); stresses being far from where people live.
- Related辺鄙へんぴNeutralDescribes places as remote and hard to reach (「辺鄙な田舎」), with a nuance of inconvenience.
- Antonym近いちかいNeutralMeans 'near, close' in distance or time; the direct opposite of 「はるか」.
- Antonym至近しきんNeutralMeans 'extremely close' (「至近距離」); the opposite end of 「はるか」.
Use 「はるか」 for something very distant in space or time, or for far exceeding something (「はるか昔」「はるかに優れている」). For plain 'far' say 「遠い」; for falling far short of a goal, 「程遠い」; for out-of-the-way places, 「辺鄙」. The opposite is 「近い」.
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only


