人格|じんかくjinkaku[0]heiban (flat)

1. nounpersonality; character; individuality; personhood
   それは彼かれの人格じんかくを阻害そがいすることになる。↗

   It runs against his character.

• Synonym性格せいかくNeutralNeutral. Temperament and personality traits — how one tends to feel and act. 「人格」 stresses character and moral standing as a person, so they don't always interchange.
• Synonym個性こせいNeutralNeutral. The distinctive traits that set someone apart, as in 「個性的」. It stresses uniqueness, while 「人格」 covers character and moral worth more broadly.
• Synonym人柄ひとがらNeutralNeutral. The impression a person's character makes on others, as in 「人柄がいい」. 「人格」 is about character and dignity itself, not the impression given.
• SynonymパーソナリティーNeutralNeutral loanword for individuality; also a TV presenter or celebrity. Leans psychological or media usage, while 「人格」 is the everyday word for character and dignity.
• Synonym性せいNeutralNeutral. Used alone it mostly means sex or gender, sometimes innate nature. It cannot replace 「人格」, which refers to a person's character and dignity.
• Synonym性質せいしつNeutralNeutral. The nature or qualities of people and things — a wider range than 「人格」, which is limited to human character and dignity.
• Synonym品性ひんせいWrittenWritten/formal prose. Moral character and conduct, as in 「品性下劣」. It judges moral quality, while 「人格」 is a broader, neutral term.
• RelatedキャラクターNeutralNeutral loanword for personality or a character image, common in speech, as in 「キャラが濃い」; also fictional characters, a use 「人格」 never has.
• Related気質きしつNeutralNeutral. Temperament and disposition; in psychology, innate tendencies of emotional response. 「人格」 focuses on a person's overall character.
• Related根性こんじょうNeutralNeutral. Grit and staying power, and by extension one's basic nature, as in 「根性がある」. 「人格」 is broader and more neutral in tone.
• Related性根しょうねNeutralNeutral with a colloquial feel. One's fundamental disposition, as in 「性根を叩き直す」. Blunter than 「人格」, which stays neutral in tone.
• Related人となりひととなりWrittenWritten/formal prose. A person's character and conduct, as in 「その人となり」. More literary than 「人格」, which also covers dignity.
• RelatedたちNeutralNeutral, common in speech. A person's innate nature, as in 「たちが悪い」. Narrower than 「人格」: it points to inborn disposition, not overall character or dignity.
• Related気立てきだてNeutralNeutral. Disposition and kindness of heart, as in 「気立てが優しい」; often said of women. 「人格」 is broader, covering character and moral standing.
• Related禀性ひんせいWrittenWritten/formal prose for innate nature; rare in modern usage. 「人格」 is the everyday word for a person's character and dignity.
• RelatedきっぷCasualColloquial and fairly rare. A bold, forthright spirit, as in 「気っ風がいい」. 「人格」 is neutral and covers character and dignity as a person.
• Related性情せいじょうWrittenWritten/formal prose with a literary flavor. Temperament and inner disposition. 「人格」 is the ordinary word for character and dignity.

Default: 「人格」 for a person's character and dignity, as in 「人格を尊重する」 or 「人格者」. Use 「性格」 for temperament, 「個性」 for uniqueness, 「人柄」 for the impression one gives, 「品性」 for moral character, 「質」 for innate nature. Loanwords: 「キャラクター」 in casual speech, 「パーソナリティー」 in psychology or media. Written: 「人となり」, 「性情」, rare 「禀性」. Colloquial: 「根性」 for grit, 「性根」, 「気っ風」; 「気立て」 for a kind heart, often of women. 「性質」 covers things too; 「性」 alone usually means sex or gender, only sometimes nature.

Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only

1. 人ひとがら。
2. 独立どくりつした人ひと。
3. 権利けんり・義務ぎむの主体しゅたい。