気質・形気・容気|きしつkishitsu[0]heiban (flat)

1. noun, noun (suffix)disposition; temperament; nature; mentality; spirit; character; trait; turn of mindかたぎ usu. as a suffix
   成功せいこう不ふ成功せいこうは気質きしつに左右さゆうされることが多おおい。↗

   Success often depends on one's temperament.

• Synonym性根しょうねNeutralA person's fundamental character, often with a negative slant, as in 「性根が腐っている」; can also mean perseverance. 気質 is a neutral description.
• Synonym天性てんせいNeutralStresses what one is born with, often talent or instinct, as in 「天性の明るさ」. 気質 is also innate but centers on emotional response tendencies.
• Synonym気性きしょうNeutralTemper; common in 「気性が荒い」 and 「気性が激しい」. Close to 気質, but the everyday word for describing the temper of people or animals.
• Synonym本性ほんしょうNeutralOne's true, inherent nature, as in 「本性を現す」, usually judged in terms of good and evil. 気質 neutrally describes character tendencies.
• Synonym気心きごころNeutralMostly in 「気心が知れる」, about coming to know each other's temper and thinking. Not used alone to describe a personality type.
• Synonym性分しょうぶんNeutralOne's basic nature; 「〜は私の性分だ」 frames something as a habit you cannot change. More colloquial than 気質 and tied to personal habits.
• Synonym真性しんせいWrittenToday mostly as 「真性の〜」 meaning genuine or true, also used in medicine; for innate nature it is archaic written language.
• Synonym心根こころねWrittenWritten/formal prose. The heart at one's core, as in 「心根の優しい人」. Says more than 気質 about whether a person is good or bad at heart.
• SynonymキャラクターCasualColloquial loanword for personality or persona, also anime and manga characters; often shortened to 「キャラ」. 気質 sounds more serious.
• Synonym気きNeutralHas a huge range of senses, covering mind and spirit. For temperament it appears in 「気が強い」 and 「気が短い」; more colloquial than 気質.
• Synonym根性こんじょうNeutralNow mostly grit and backbone, as in 「根性がある」; for character it often carries a negative tone, as in 「根性が悪い」.
• Synonym資質ししつNeutralInnate talent and qualities, often tied to a job, as in 「リーダーの資質」. 気質 points to emotional and character tendencies.
• Synonym性せいWrittenWritten/formal prose for human nature, as in 「性善説」. On its own it usually means sex or gender, so it differs greatly from 気質.
• Synonym性格せいかくNeutralThe most general word, for the character of people or things. 気質 covers innate emotional tendencies; 「性格」 includes what is acquired.
• Synonym性質せいしつNeutralCovers both human temperament and the properties of things, as in 「化学的性質」. 気質 is for people and also works as a suffix for types of people or groups.
• Synonym性癖せいへきNeutralA biased streak or quirk in one's character; in recent years often sexual preferences. 気質 is a neutral tendency with no hint of oddity.
• Synonym気立てきだてNeutralMostly about whether a person's heart and temper are good or bad; often praise, as in 「気立てがいい」. 気質 is the more objective term for innate emotional tendencies.
• SynonymきっぷCasualColloquial. A person's spirit; 「気っ風がいい」 suggests someone open and hearty. Also the temperament shared by people of a place. 気質 is more neutral and wide-ranging.
• Synonym性情せいじょうWrittenWritten/formal prose. Character together with feeling, as in 「温和な性情」. Close to 気質 but with a more literary flavor.
• Synonym心ばえこころばえWrittenAn archaic written word for one's heart and character, also consideration for others. Everyday speech uses 「気立て」; academic writing uses 「気質」.
• Synonym天資てんしWrittenWritten/formal prose. Innate aptitude or talent, so it points to ability rather than character. Everyday speech prefers 「素質」.
• Synonym賦性ふせいWrittenWritten/formal prose and rare. Innate nature; in daily life 「天性」 or 「性格」 takes its place, and 気質 is far more common.
• Synonym資性しせいWrittenWritten/formal prose. Innate disposition and talent together, covering ability as well. Daily speech uses 「資質」 or 「性格」.
• Synonym稟性ひんせいWrittenWritten/formal prose and rare. An endowment received from heaven — 「稟」 means to receive. Daily speech says 「天性」 or 「生まれつきの性格」.
• Synonym稟質ひんしつWrittenWritten/formal prose and rare. Innate endowment, synonymous with 「稟性」. Daily speech prefers 「素質」 or 「天性」.
• Related質しつNeutralMostly the quality of things, as in 「質が高い」. For a person's temperament it is read 「たち」 and differs considerably from 気質.

Everyday talk: 「性格」 for character, 「気性」 for temper, 「気立て」 for a kind heart. 「気質」 itself names innate emotional tendencies, especially in psychology, and works as a suffix for types of people. Innate talent: 「天性」 or 「資質」; true nature: 「本性」; grit: 「根性」; 「性質」 also covers properties of things. Colloquial picks include 「気っ風」, 「気」, 「性分」 and 「キャラクター」; 「性情」, 「心根」 and 「真性」 are written, 「天資」, 「賦性」, 「資性」, 「稟性」, 「稟質」 rare archaisms. 「気心」 shows up in 「気心が知れる」, 「性癖」 hints at quirks, and 「性」 alone means sex or gender.

Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only

1. （心理学しんりがく）人ひとに先天的せんてんてきに備そなわった感情かんじょうの反応はんのう傾向けいこう。心理的しんりてきな性質せいしつ、特性とくせい。
2. （動物行動学どうぶつこうどうがく）動物どうぶつが先天的せんてんてきにもつ反応はんのう特性とくせい。
3. （かたぎ）ある年齢層ねんれいそうや職業しょくぎょうに特有とくゆうな気風きふう。