化する|かするkasuru

JLPT N1approx.Common
Definitions
  1. suru verb (irregular), transitive verb, intransitive verbto change (into); to turn (into); to transform (into); to become
    I also digitized it and made a desktop image.
  2. suru verb (irregular), transitive verb, intransitive verbto influence
Conjugation
Dictionary form化する(かする)
Polite (masu)化します(かします)
Negative (nai)化しない(かしない)
polite (masen)化しません(かしません)
classical zu / nu化せず・化せぬ(かせず・かせぬ)
Past (ta)化した(かした)
polite (mashita)化しました(かしました)
Past negative (nakatta)化しなかった(かしなかった)
polite (masen deshita)化しませんでした(かしませんでした)
Te form化して(かして)
Potential化できる(かできる)
Passive化される(かされる)
Causative化させる(かさせる)
Causative passive化させられる(かさせられる)
Conditional (ba)化すれば(かすれば)
tara化したら(かしたら)
Volitional化しよう(かしよう)
polite (mashou)化しましょう(かしましょう)
Imperative化しろ(かしろ)

Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.

Synonyms & antonyms
  • Synonym化すかすWrittenWritten; the godan form of 「化する」 with the same meaning, as in 「灰燼に化す」; has an even more classical, literary flavor.
  • Synonym変じるへんじるWrittenWritten; means to change or transform into, and can also be transitive; rare in modern usage — say 「変わる」 in everyday speech.
  • Synonym転ずるてんずるWrittenWritten; to turn or shift, as in 「攻勢に転ずる」; leans toward a change of direction or of the situation rather than becoming something.
  • Synonym転じるてんじるWrittenWritten-leaning; to change or switch, as in 「話題を転じる」; also used for changing careers; centers on a shift in direction.
  • Synonym化けるばけるNeutralNeutral; a monster taking another form or disguising itself, and a drastic rise in ability or value, as in 「大化けする」; 「化する」 is the more written word.
  • SynonymなるNeutralNeutral; the most basic verb for becoming, the everyday first choice; 「化する」 is more written and carries a solemn tone.
  • Synonym変えるかえるNeutralNeutral; transitive — you actively change something, as in 「方針を変える」; 「化する」 mostly works intransitively.
  • Synonym変わるかわるNeutralNeutral; intransitive change, an everyday staple; 「化する」 is more written and stresses becoming a different state.
  • Synonym変ずるへんずるWrittenWritten; identical in meaning to 「変じる」 but spelled with the harder ずる form; stiff and rarely seen today.
  • Related改まるあらたまるNeutralNeutral; renewal or improvement, and turning formal or ceremonious, as in 「年が改まる」; about being renewed, not about becoming something else.
  • Related変化へんかNeutralNeutral; the most common all-purpose word for change, as noun or suru verb; 「化する」 is more written and forms verbs like 「都市化する」.
  • Related変動へんどうNeutralNeutral; movement or fluctuation in a state, as in 「価格変動」 or 「地殻変動」; 「化する」 means turning into a different state.
  • Related変遷へんせんWrittenWritten; gradual change over time, with a historical sense of evolution, as in 「時代の変遷」.
  • Related変容へんようWrittenWritten; a change in the overall look or aspect, leaning toward form and appearance; 「化する」 stresses becoming a particular state.
  • Related変質へんしつWrittenWritten; a change in quality or nature, usually for the worse, as in 「食品が変質する」; can also suggest a diseased personality.
  • Related変転へんてんWrittenWritten; rapid, drastic shifts in a situation or state, with a sense of turbulence and instability; not used for becoming a specific result.
  • RelatedチェンジCasualColloquial loanword; casual change, replacement or exchange, as in 「イメージチェンジ」 or switching sides in a game; it cannot stand in for 「化す」 in the 「〜と化す」 pattern.
  • Related変移へんいWrittenWritten; change and shifting, close to 「変遷」 and leaning toward specialized writing; uncommon in everyday use.
  • Related遷移せんいWrittenWritten; a transition from one state to the next, as in 「画面遷移」; mostly found in scientific and IT contexts.
  • Related転変てんぺんWrittenWritten; the ups and downs of worldly affairs, seen in 「有為転変」; carries a Buddhist flavor.
  • Related成り変わるなりかわるNeutralNeutral; to turn into something or some other state, but uncommon; 「化する」 is more written and usually appears as 「〜と化する」.
  • AntonymそのままNeutralNeutral; leaving things as they are, a common everyday word; the opposite of 「化する」, which marks a transformation.
  • Antonym不变WrittenWritten; remaining unchanged — the direct opposite of 「化する」, which turns something into a different state.

Use 「化する」 in written or formal prose when something turns into a state, as in 「廃墟と化する」 or 「都市化する」. In everyday speech say 「変わる」 or 「なる」 instead, and use 「転じる」 for a turn or shift in direction; the opposite of changing is 「そのまま」. Among the nouns, 「変化」 is the general all-purpose word; others are narrower, such as 「変動」 for fluctuation, 「変遷」 for change over time and the casual 「チェンジ」 for switching or swapping.

Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only

Japanese definitions
  1. ~に変かわる。
Kanji in this word
English equivalents
See also

JLPT vocabulary levels are community estimates, not official (no official lists have been published since the 2010 revision).

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