向ける|むけるmukeru[0]heiban (flat)

JLPT N3approx.Common
Definitions
  1. ichidan verb, transitive verbto turn (towards); to face; to point; to aim; to direct to
    強盗ごうとうは店員てんいんに銃じゅうを向むけた。↗
    The robber aimed his gun at the clerk.
  2. ichidan verb, transitive verbto head to; to go towards
    I'm leaving for Chicago next Saturday morning.
  3. ichidan verb, transitive verbto allot; to allocate
  4. ichidan verb, transitive verbto send; to dispatch (e.g. a person)
  5. ichidan verb, transitive verbto aim for; to pursue
    Our policy is to build for the future, not the past.
Conjugation
Dictionary form向ける(むける)
Polite (masu)向けます(むけます)
Negative (nai)向けない(むけない)
polite (masen)向けません(むけません)
classical zu / nu向けず・向けぬ(むけず・むけぬ)
Past (ta)向けた(むけた)
polite (mashita)向けました(むけました)
Past negative (nakatta)向けなかった(むけなかった)
polite (masen deshita)向けませんでした(むけませんでした)
Te form向けて(むけて)
Potential向けられる(むけられる)
Passive向けられる(むけられる)
Causative向けさせる(むけさせる)
Causative passive向けさせられる(むけさせられる)
Conditional (ba)向ければ(むければ)
tara向けたら(むけたら)
Volitional向けよう(むけよう)
polite (mashou)向けましょう(むけましょう)
Imperative向けろ(むけろ)

Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.

Transitive / intransitive pair
transitive向けるむける⇄intransitive向くむく
顔かおが右みぎに向むく
顔かおを右みぎに向むける
向く focuses on the event or resulting state, as in 顔が右に向く; 向ける foregrounds the agent acting on something, as in 顔を右に向ける.

Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only

Synonyms & antonyms
  • Related送り込むおくりこむNeutralNeutral: sends people or things into a place or organization, as in 「刺客を送り込む」; it stresses getting them inside.
  • Related送り出すおくりだすNeutralNeutral: sees people out the door or out into the world, as in 「卒業生を社会に送り出す」; the focus is on sending them off.
  • Related仕向けるしむけるNeutralNeutral: means maneuvering or inducing someone to act a certain way. 「向ける」 just makes something face somewhere or puts resources to use, with no nuance of coaxing.
  • Related派遣はけんFormalFormal: ordering people to go somewhere on a mission, as in 「自衛隊を派遣する」; its object is people.
  • Related出すだすNeutralNeutral, very broad: take out, hand in, or send out. 「向ける」 focuses on turning the object toward a direction or purpose.
  • Related送るおくるNeutralNeutral: mails things or sees people off, as in 「荷物を送る」; it centers on getting something to the other party, while 「向ける」 turns something toward or allots it to a use.
  • Related狙うねらうNeutralNeutral: aims at a target or waits for a chance to get it, as in 「優勝を狙う」, with strong intent; 「向ける」 just points something toward or allots it to a use.
  • Related発送はっそうWrittenWritten: shipping out goods or mail, as in 「商品を発送する」; a logistics term with nothing to do with turning a direction.
  • Related積み出すつみだすWrittenWritten: loading cargo onto vehicles or ships and sending it off; used only for freight, never for gazes or attention.
  • Related差し遣わすさしつかわすWrittenWritten, strongly literary: dispatches people somewhere. 「向ける」 turns a direction, gaze or object toward something, and can also mean allocating manpower.
  • RelatedめがけるNeutralNeutral: aims at a target as one charges or throws, as in 「ゴールを目掛けて蹴る」; it stresses intent to hit more strongly than 「向ける」.
  • RelatedつかわすWrittenWritten and archaic: dispatching messengers or bestowing favors; today it survives mostly in period dramas and literature.
  • Related差し付けるさしつけるNeutralNeutral: points a gun or the like right at someone, or thrusts something under their nose; closer in and more forceful than 「向ける」.
  • Related派出はしゅつFormalFormal: sending people out for work; mostly seen in compounds such as 「派出所」 and rarely used on its own.
  • Related差遣さけんFormalFormal, officialese: dispatching personnel somewhere; in everyday contexts 「派遣」 is the usual word.
  • Related送達そうたつWrittenWritten: delivering mail or documents; especially used for the service of court papers in lawsuits.
  • Antonym背けるそむけるNeutralNeutral: turns the face or gaze away from something, as in 「目を背ける」; the direct opposite of 「目を向ける」.

Use 「向ける」 to turn the face, gaze or attention toward something, or to allot funds or manpower to a purpose. For sending people, use 「派遣」 or 「送り込む」; for mailing things, 「送る」 or 「発送」; for aiming at a target, 「狙う」; for turning the face away, 「背ける」.

Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only

Japanese definitions
  1. ある方向ほうこうに向むかせる。
  2. ある方向ほうこうを目指めざす。
  3. 振ふりあてる。
  4. 使つかいとして行いかせる。
Kanji in this word
English equivalents
See also

JLPT vocabulary levels are community estimates, not official (no official lists have been published since the 2010 revision).

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