故障|こしょうkoshou[0]heiban (flat)
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- noun, suru verb, intransitive verbfault; trouble; breakdown; failure; being out of order
- noun, suru verb, transitive verbdamage (to a part of the body); injury; hurt
- nounproblem; hitch; obstacle; hindrance
- nounobjection; protest
Conjugation
| Dictionary form | 故障する(こしょうする) |
|---|---|
| Polite (masu) | 故障します(こしょうします) |
| Negative (nai) | 故障しない(こしょうしない) |
| polite (masen) | 故障しません(こしょうしません) |
| classical zu / nu | 故障せず・故障せぬ(こしょうせず・こしょうせぬ) |
| Past (ta) | 故障した(こしょうした) |
| polite (mashita) | 故障しました(こしょうしました) |
| Past negative (nakatta) | 故障しなかった(こしょうしなかった) |
| polite (masen deshita) | 故障しませんでした(こしょうしませんでした) |
| Te form | 故障して(こしょうして) |
| Potential | 故障できる(こしょうできる) |
| Passive | 故障される(こしょうされる) |
| Causative | 故障させる(こしょうさせる) |
| Causative passive | 故障させられる(こしょうさせられる) |
| Conditional (ba) | 故障すれば(こしょうすれば) |
| tara | 故障したら(こしょうしたら) |
| Volitional | 故障しよう(こしょうしよう) |
| polite (mashou) | 故障しましょう(こしょうしましょう) |
| Imperative | 故障しろ(こしょうしろ) |
Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.
- Synonym障害しょうがいWrittenWritten word for something blocking progress or a function failing, as in 「通信障害」「障害物」; also covers disability, so broader than 「故障」.
- Synonym支障ししょうWrittenFormal written word for progress being hindered, as in 「業務に支障が出る」; focuses on the impact on business or affairs, not on machines breaking.
- Synonym不都合ふつごうWrittenMeans inconvenience or impropriety, as in 「何か不都合がありますか」; it can label a problem that crops up, machines included, but does not itself mean a breakdown.
- SynonymトラブルCasualColloquial loanword for trouble, disputes, or malfunctions, as in 「エンジントラブル」.
- SynonymブレイクダウンWrittenLoanword for breaking something down into parts; nowadays rarely used of machine failure, unlike 「故障」.
- Related壊れるこわれるCasualColloquial verb for something breaking or stopping working, as in 「テレビが壊れる」; 「故障」 is the noun, focused on malfunction.
- Antonym正常せいじょうNeutralThe opposite of 「故障」: running or working normally, as in 「正常に作動する」.
- Antonym順調じゅんちょうNeutralThe opposite of 「故障」 for progress: going smoothly without a hitch, as in 「順調に進む」.
「故障」 is the default for machine failure. 「障害」 covers obstructions, functional disorders, and disability; 「支障」 is written for hindered progress; 「トラブル」 covers trouble and disputes; use 「壊れる」 for breaking. Opposites: 「正常」 working normally, 「順調」 going smoothly.
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only


