申し出る・申出る|もうしでるmoushideru[4]nakadaka (mid-high)
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Which spelling to use
申し出る申し出る（もうしでる） is the most common written form, combining kanji and kana; beginners should choose it when writing the word.
申出る申出る（もうしでる） is a less common written variant, also combining kanji and kana. You may encounter it, but 申し出る is the safer choice for beginners.
Definitions
- ichidan verb, transitive verbto offer; to propose; to suggest; to put forward; to request; to ask (for); to apply (for); to report (to); to notify
Conjugation
| Dictionary form | 申し出る（もうしでる） |
|---|---|
| Polite (masu) | 申し出ます（もうしでます） |
| Negative (nai) | 申し出ない（もうしでない） |
| polite (masen) | 申し出ません（もうしでません） |
| classical zu / nu | 申し出ず・申し出ぬ（もうしでず・もうしでぬ） |
| Past (ta) | 申し出た（もうしでた） |
| polite (mashita) | 申し出ました（もうしでました） |
| Past negative (nakatta) | 申し出なかった（もうしでなかった） |
| polite (masen deshita) | 申し出ませんでした（もうしでませんでした） |
| Te form | 申し出て（もうしでて） |
| Potential | 申し出られる（もうしでられる） |
| Passive | 申し出られる（もうしでられる） |
| Causative | 申し出させる（もうしでさせる） |
| Causative passive | 申し出させられる（もうしでさせられる） |
| Conditional (ba) | 申し出れば（もうしでれば） |
| tara | 申し出たら（もうしでたら） |
| Volitional | 申し出よう（もうしでよう） |
| polite (mashou) | 申し出ましょう（もうしでましょう） |
| Imperative | 申し出ろ（もうしでろ） |
Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.
Synonyms & antonyms
- Synonym持ちかけるもちかけるNeutralTo approach someone with a suggestion or proposal to discuss. 「申し出る」 is a more formal putting-forward.
- Related差し出すさしだすNeutralFor handing or submitting something — a document, an outstretched hand. 「申し出る」 is about actively putting forward your wishes or an application.
- Related述べるのべるWrittenWritten/formal prose for stating or expressing something. 「申し出る」 focuses on actively putting forward your wishes or requests.
- Related勧めるすすめるNeutralTo recommend or urge someone else to do something. 「申し出る」 is about you yourself volunteering or coming forward.
- Related提案ていあんNeutralA noun for a proposal or suggestion. 「申し出る」 stresses an individual actively coming forward with something.
- Related表明ひょうめいWrittenWritten/formal prose for making one's attitude or stance clear to all. 「申し出る」 is about presenting your wishes or requests to someone.
- Related陳述ちんじゅつWrittenWritten/formal prose for stating facts or views, as in court. 「申し出る」 is about actively putting something forward.
- Related提唱ていしょうWrittenWritten/formal prose for advocating a new idea or principle. 「申し出る」 is an individual presenting something to another party.
- Related申し上げるもうしあげるFormalHumble language for saying something to someone you must respect. 「申し出る」 stresses the act of actively offering or proposing.
- Related申し立てるもうしたてるWrittenTo formally assert or file a claim or objection, as in 「異議を申し立てる」. 「申し出る」 is broader and covers any offer.
- RelatedオファーNeutralLoanword for an offer — a bid, price, or invitation. 「申し出る」 is more formal and stresses actively coming forward.
- Related言い立てるいいたてるNeutralTo insist on a point or enumerate things one by one. 「申し出る」 is about formally putting something forward.
- Related買って出るかってでるNeutralTo volunteer for a task or role, as in 「幹事を買って出る」. Broader 「申し出る」 covers any offer, not just taking on a job.
- Related申し述べるもうしのべるWrittenHumble, written/formal prose for stating or explaining something. 「申し出る」 focuses on putting forward your wishes or requests.
- Antonym断ることわるNeutralTo refuse or turn something down — the opposite of putting something forward as 「申し出る」 does.
- Antonym辞退するWrittenWritten/formal prose for declining an honor, post, or offer — the opposite of actively applying or offering as 「申し出る」 does.
Use 「申し出る」 to formally put forward your own wishes, help, or a request to someone, as in 「協力を申し出る」「辞退を申し出る」. For proposing an idea, use 「提案」; for volunteering to take on a task, 「買って出る」; for filing a claim or objection, 「申し立てる」; for approaching someone with a proposal, 「持ちかける」; for refusing, 「断る」.
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only
Japanese definitions
Kanji in this word
English equivalents
