辞退|じたいjitai[1]atamadaka (head-high)

1. noun, suru verb, intransitive verbdeclining; refusal; nonacceptance; turning down; withdrawal (e.g. of candidacy); pulling out (e.g. of a race); excusing oneself
   芥川賞あくたがわしょうの受賞じゅしょうを辞退じたいしたいのですが。↗

   I would like to excuse myself from receiving the Akutagawa Prize.

• Synonym断ることわるNeutralThe everyday word for refusing a request or invitation, as in 「誘いを断る」; the most common choice in speech, while 「辞退」 formally declines a title, award or role.
• Synonym拒否きょひNeutralRefusing or vetoing something, as in 「要求を拒否する」; works in both speech and writing and sounds forceful, whereas 「辞退」 is a formal declining of one's own position or offer.
• Synonym拒絶きょぜつWrittenWritten word for flat, outright refusal, as in 「拒絶反応」; more thorough than 「拒否」.
• Synonym拒むこばむWrittenWritten word for refusing or blocking, as in 「入国を拒む」; leans toward resisting or keeping something out.
• Synonym謝絶しゃぜつWrittenWritten word for declining, seen mostly in notices such as 「面会謝絶」; typical of signs rather than personal refusals.
• Synonym拝辞はいじFormalA formal, humble term for respectfully declining or resigning; rarely seen in modern Japanese.
• Related断りことわりNeutralNoun covering refusal or giving advance notice, as in 「お断り」; carries many senses beyond declining.
• Related遠慮えんりょNeutralCourteously declining or refraining, as in 「遠慮します」; a soft, euphemistic way to beg off.
• Related否むいなむWrittenWritten word meaning to refuse or deny, mostly seen in 「否めない」; leans toward denying a fact rather than declining an offer.
• Related突っぱねるつっぱねるCasualColloquial for flatly pushing a demand back, as in 「要求を突っぱねる」; forceful, while 「辞退」 is one's own formal, respectful withdrawal.
• Related退けるしりぞけるWrittenWritten word for rejecting or driving back, as in 「申し出を退ける」「敵を退ける」; 「辞退」 declines something offered to you.
• RelatedはねつけるCasualColloquial for rejecting outright, as in 「提案をはねつける」, with a dismissive edge; 「辞退」 is a courteous declining.
• Relatedお断りおことわりFormalFormal polite refusal, as in 「入店お断り」; typical of notices announcing that something is not allowed.
• Related拒否るきょひるCasualSlang verb for refusing; young people's speech with a casual, offhand feel.
• Related不承ふしょうWrittenWritten word for dissent; rare in modern use, seen mostly in 「不承不承」 (reluctantly).
• Related不承諾ふしょうだくFormalFormal term for withholding consent or approval; leans toward written, procedural contexts.
• Related不承知ふしょうちWrittenWritten word for not agreeing or disapproving; keeps a bookish flavor.
• Antonym承諾しょうだくFormalFormal antonym: giving consent or accepting a request, the direct opposite of 「辞退」.
• Antonym受諾じゅだくFormalFormal antonym: accepting a proposal or offer, the counterpart of declining via 「辞退」.
• Antonym引き受けるひきうけるNeutralNeutral antonym: to take on or accept a task or role, the opposite of declining it.

Use 「辞退」 to formally decline a position, award or candidacy, as in 「出場を辞退する」「内定辞退」. For everyday refusals say 「断る」, for forceful rejection 「拒否」, for polite declining 「遠慮」. The opposites are 「承諾」 and 「引き受ける」.

Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only

1. ある地位ちいなどから身みを引ひくこと。
2. 申し出もうしでなどを断ことわること。