発給|はっきゅうhakkyuu[0]heiban (flat)
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- noun, suru verb, transitive verbissuance (e.g. of a passport); issuing
Conjugation
| Dictionary form | 発給する(はっきゅうする) |
|---|---|
| Polite (masu) | 発給します(はっきゅうします) |
| Negative (nai) | 発給しない(はっきゅうしない) |
| polite (masen) | 発給しません(はっきゅうしません) |
| classical zu / nu | 発給せず・発給せぬ(はっきゅうせず・はっきゅうせぬ) |
| Past (ta) | 発給した(はっきゅうした) |
| polite (mashita) | 発給しました(はっきゅうしました) |
| Past negative (nakatta) | 発給しなかった(はっきゅうしなかった) |
| polite (masen deshita) | 発給しませんでした(はっきゅうしませんでした) |
| Te form | 発給して(はっきゅうして) |
| Potential | 発給できる(はっきゅうできる) |
| Passive | 発給される(はっきゅうされる) |
| Causative | 発給させる(はっきゅうさせる) |
| Causative passive | 発給させられる(はっきゅうさせられる) |
| Conditional (ba) | 発給すれば(はっきゅうすれば) |
| tara | 発給したら(はっきゅうしたら) |
| Volitional | 発給しよう(はっきゅうしよう) |
| polite (mashou) | 発給しましょう(はっきゅうしましょう) |
| Imperative | 発給しろ(はっきゅうしろ) |
Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.
- Synonym発行はっこうNeutralBroader: publishing books and magazines, issuing banknotes, bonds or certificates. 「発給」 is reserved for official issuance of passports, visas and the like.
- Synonym発券はっけんNeutralIssuing tickets or banknotes — train tickets and the like; leans toward transport and finance, not official documents.
- Related振り出しふりだしNeutralIn commerce, drawing a bill or note. Also a starting point — 「振り出しに戻る」, back to square one — a sense not limited to business.
- Related支給しきゅうNeutralPaying out wages or supplying goods and allowances, as in 「交通費支給」; not used for issuing documents.
- Related下付かふWrittenOld-style bureaucratic prose for a government office granting money or goods to the people; dated official-document wording.
- Antonym回収かいしゅうNeutralCollecting or taking things back — the reverse of putting documents into people's hands.
- Antonym没収ぼっしゅうNeutralForcible seizure or confiscation, as in 「財産を没収する」; opposed to 「発給」 only in the give-versus-take sense, not its direct opposite.
Use 「発給」 for official issuance of passports, visas and certificates, as in 「ビザの発給」. Publishing is 「発行」, tickets 「発券」, wages and allowances 「支給」. The opposite of issuing is 「回収」.
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only


