通過|つうかtsuuka[0]heiban (flat)

1. noun, suru verb, intransitive verbpassing through (a tunnel, station, town, etc.); passing by (e.g. of a typhoon); transit
   通過つうかする車くるまに気きをつけなさい。↗

   Watch out for passing cars.

   私達わたしたちの乗のった列車れっしゃは長ながいトンネルを通過つうかした。↗

   Our train went through a long tunnel.
2. noun, suru verb, intransitive verbpassage (of a bill, e.g. through parliament); carriage
   予算案よさんあんは上院じょういんを通過つうかした。↗

   The budget passed the Upper House.
3. noun, suru verb, intransitive verbpassing (an examination, inspection, etc.); clearing; getting through (a preliminary round); qualification

• Synonym通り過ぎるとおりすぎるNeutralVerb for going past a place without stopping, as in 「店の前を通り過ぎる」; the emphasis is on not lingering.
• Synonym通り越すとおりこすNeutralPassing a point, sometimes going too far, and figuratively going beyond a level, as in 「呆れを通り越す」.
• Synonym通り抜けるとおりぬけるNeutralGoing through the inside of a place and out the other side, as in 「トンネルを通り抜ける」.
• Synonym経過けいかNeutralThe elapsing of time or the course a situation takes, as in 「三年が経過した」 and 「手術後の経過」.
• SynonymすぎるNeutralPassing a point in space or time, as in 「駅を過ぎる」 and 「期限が過ぎる」.
• Synonym過ぎ去るすぎさるNeutralPassing by and fading into the distance, as in 「嵐が過ぎ去る」; carries the nuance of being gone for good.
• Synonym通るとおるNeutralVerb for going along or past a place; like 「通過」 it also covers passing an exam or a bill, as in 「試験に通る」.
• Synonym通行つうこうNeutralThe flow of people and vehicles, as in 「通行止め」 and 「右側通行」; centred on traffic.
• SynonymわたるNeutralCrossing a river, the sea or a bridge, as in 「橋を渡る」; the point is getting from one bank or side to the other.
• Synonym越えるこえるNeutralVerb for crossing over a boundary or exceeding a number, as in 「国境を越える」 and 「百人を超える」.
• Related横断おうだんNeutralCrossing from one side to the other, as over a road or a continent, as in 「道路を横断する」.
• Related越すこすNeutralVerb for getting over a high or hard spot such as a mountain pass, or getting through a season, as in 「峠を越す」 and 「冬を越す」.
• Related横切るよこぎるNeutralVerb for cutting across something laterally, as in 「道を横切る」 or 「猫が横切る」; the movement is sideways across.
• Related経るへるWrittenWritten/formal: going via a place or through a span of time or a process, as in 「審査を経る」 and 「年月を経る」.
• Related抜けるぬけるNeutralGoing through and out of a place, as in 「森を抜ける」, but also covering things falling out or being omitted — a much broader verb.
• Related突っ切るつっきるNeutralCutting straight through a space, as in 「広場を突っ切る」; it stresses a straight line across, while 「通過」 stresses passing without stopping.
• Relatedくぐり抜けるくぐりぬけるNeutralDucking through a low or narrow gap, or figuratively getting through danger, as in 「危機をくぐり抜ける」; the point is making it out of peril.
• Antonym停止ていしNeutralAntonym: stopping or suspending something, the opposite of the nonstop movement of 「通過」.
• Antonym滞留たいりゅうWrittenAntonym, written/formal: lingering or staying put in a place, the opposite of passing through.
• Antonym停車ていしゃNeutralAntonym: a train or car coming to a stop, the opposite of a train making a nonstop 「通過」 through a station.

「通過」 is for passing a place without stopping and for getting through an exam or having a bill passed; as verbs, say 「通る」 or 「通り過ぎる」. For going through the inside of something use 「通り抜ける」, for crossing side to side 「横断」 or 「横切る」, for the passage of time 「経過」, and for crossing a line or border 「越える」. The opposites are 「停車」 and 「停止」.

Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only

1. 通り過とおりすぎること。
2. 停車ていしゃしないこと。
3. 障さわりなく通とおること。支障ししょうなく次つぎの段階だんかいへ至いたること。
4. 議会ぎかいで議案ぎあんが可決かけつされること。
5. 官公庁かんこうちょうで願書がんしょが受理じゅりされること。