横断|おうだんoudan[0]heiban (flat)
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Definitions
- noun, suru verb, intransitive verbcrossing (a road, river, etc.); cutting through (e.g. of a river through a town); cutting across; intersecting (e.g. a railway track)
- noun, suru verb, intransitive verbcrossing (east-west); traversing; travelling across; flying across (e.g. the Pacific); sailing across
- noun, suru verb, transitive verbcutting horizontally; sectioning laterally
Conjugation
| Dictionary form | 横断する（おうだんする） |
|---|---|
| Polite (masu) | 横断します（おうだんします） |
| Negative (nai) | 横断しない（おうだんしない） |
| polite (masen) | 横断しません（おうだんしません） |
| classical zu / nu | 横断せず・横断せぬ（おうだんせず・おうだんせぬ） |
| Past (ta) | 横断した（おうだんした） |
| polite (mashita) | 横断しました（おうだんしました） |
| Past negative (nakatta) | 横断しなかった（おうだんしなかった） |
| polite (masen deshita) | 横断しませんでした（おうだんしませんでした） |
| Te form | 横断して（おうだんして） |
| Potential | 横断できる（おうだんできる） |
| Passive | 横断される（おうだんされる） |
| Causative | 横断させる（おうだんさせる） |
| Causative passive | 横断させられる（おうだんさせられる） |
| Conditional (ba) | 横断すれば（おうだんすれば） |
| tara | 横断したら（おうだんしたら） |
| Volitional | 横断しよう（おうだんしよう） |
| polite (mashou) | 横断しましょう（おうだんしましょう） |
| Imperative | 横断しろ（おうだんしろ） |
Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.
Synonyms & antonyms
- SynonymわたるNeutralThe everyday verb for crossing a river, road or the sea. 「横断」 is more formal and stresses the side-to-side direction.
- Synonym越えるこえるNeutralGetting over an obstacle or boundary, and figuratively exceeding a quantity. 「横断」 is crossing from side to side.
- Related横切るよこぎるNeutralNative verb for crossing a road or passing in front of you. 「横断」 is Sino-Japanese — say 「横断する」 in more formal prose, and it also covers crossing an ocean.
- Related通り抜けるとおりぬけるNeutralGoing through the inside of a space and out the other side, as in 「公園を通り抜ける」. 「横断」 stresses crossing from side to side.
- Related通過つうかNeutralPassing by or through a place; also covers bills and exams passing. 「横断」 stresses crossing laterally from one end to the other.
- Related突き抜けるつきぬけるNeutralPiercing or breaking through, also figuratively going beyond the usual limits. 「横断」 is simply crossing from side to side.
- Related通行つうこうNeutralTraffic or passage of people and vehicles, as in 「通行止め」. 「横断」 stresses crossing from side to side.
- Related抜けるぬけるNeutralA very broad verb: coming out, falling out, being omitted and more. It overlaps with 「横断」 only in the sense of passing through.
- Related越すこすNeutralGoing over mountains or getting through a period of time, as in 「冬を越す」. 「横断」 is crossing from side to side.
- Related通り越すとおりこすNeutralGoing past a point or beyond a limit, as in 「呆れを通り越す」. 「横断」 is crossing from side to side.
- Related通り過ぎるとおりすぎるNeutralPassing by a place without stopping. 「横断」 means crossing over to the other end.
- Related通るとおるNeutralAn extremely common verb for passing or going along. 「横断」 covers only lateral crossing or cutting across, as in 「横断面」.
- Related突っ切るつっきるCasualColloquial: cutting straight through or across an area. 「横断」 is the more formal choice.
- Relatedくぐり抜けるくぐりぬけるNeutralDucking through a low or narrow gap; figuratively, getting through danger or hardship. 「横断」 is lateral crossing.
- Related通り抜けとおりぬけNeutralNoun for passing through, as in 「通り抜け禁止」. 「横断」 stresses going laterally from one end to the other.
- Antonym縦断じゅうだんWrittenWritten-style word for traversing lengthwise, often north to south, as in 「台風が列島を縦断する」. It is the directional opposite of lateral 「横断」.
Use 「横断」 for crossing a road or traversing a continent or ocean; in everyday speech prefer 「渡る」 or 「横切る」. For going through the inside of a space to the other side, use 「通り抜ける」. For lengthwise or north-south traversal, switch to 「縦断」. Verbs like 「通り過ぎる」, 「越える」 and 「越す」 describe passing by or getting over something rather than crossing from side to side.
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only
Japanese definitions
Kanji in this word
English equivalents
See also
