すぎる・過ぎるsugiru[2]nakadaka (mid-high)

1. ichidan verb, intransitive verbto pass through; to pass by; to go beyond
2. ichidan verb, intransitive verbto pass (of time); to elapse
   今日きょうもまた寂さびしい一いち日にちが過すぎる。↗

   Another lonely day.

   １年ねんが過すぎ、彼かれの死体したいは塵ごみと化かした。↗

   A year had passed by and his body turned to dust.
3. ichidan verb, intransitive verbto have expired; to have ended; to be over
4. ichidan verb, intransitive verbto exceed; to surpass; to be above
5. ichidan verb, intransitive verbto be no more than ...as 〜に過ぎない, etc.
6. ichidan verb, intransitive verb, suffixto be excessive; to be too much; to be too ...often used after adj. stems or the -masu stems of verbs
   このスープは、しょっぱ過すぎて飲のめないよ。↗

   This soup is too salty to eat.

Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only

• Synonym通り過ぎるとおりすぎるNeutralPassing a place and carrying on without stopping, as in 「駅を通り過ぎる」. The focus is on space, while 「過ぎる」 also readily covers time passing and doing too much.
• Synonym通過つうかWrittenWritten, formal word: a train or car passing without stopping, or a bill or exam going through. Belongs to official contexts; 「過ぎる」 is the everyday verb.
• Synonym通るとおるNeutralGoing along a route or past a point, and also used when an opinion or proposal is approved. Broader in everyday use than 「過ぎる」.
• Synonym通り越すとおりこすNeutralGoing past a point or overshooting a limit, as in 「呆れを通り越す」, where a feeling is left behind for something beyond it. Not a mere stronger dose of 「過ぎる」.
• Synonym越すこすNeutralCrossing over a mountain or similar obstacle, or getting through a stretch of time, as in 「冬を越す」. 「過ぎる」 would only note the passing.
• Synonym通り抜けるとおりぬけるNeutralPassing through the inside of a place and out the other side, as in 「トンネルを通り抜ける」. 「過ぎる」 can stop at simply going past.
• Synonym経過けいかWrittenWritten word for time elapsing or a situation progressing, as in 「経過観察」. Formal prose; 「過ぎる」 is the everyday choice for time passing.
• Synonym経るへるWrittenWritten word for going through a place or, more often, a stage or process, as in 「審査を経る」. 「過ぎる」 is the everyday verb for passing.
• Synonym去るさるWrittenWritten word for leaving, or a season slipping away, as in 「夏が去る」. The stress is on departing, not on the passing itself.
• Synonym抜けるぬけるNeutralCan mean passing through a spot too, but its main senses are things coming loose or being left out, which 「過ぎる」 never covers.
• Synonym過ぎ去るすぎさるNeutralSomething passing and being fully gone, as in 「嵐が過ぎ去る」. Stresses that it is all over; 「過ぎる」 can leave the outcome open.
• Synonym経つたつNeutralDevoted to time alone — 「三年が経つ」 — and never used for moving through space, where 「過ぎる」 does double duty.
• Synonym越えるこえるNeutralCrossing over a line or barrier, or topping a figure, as in 「限度を超える」. The go-to for getting over something; 「過ぎる」 is the default for plain excess.
• Related横断おうだんWrittenFormal word for crossing a road or continent, as in 「横断歩道」. The stress is on cutting across sideways, which 「過ぎる」 does not specify.
• Related横切るよこぎるNeutralCutting across from one side to the other, as in 「道を横切る」. 「過ぎる」 only says you go past; this says you cross the width.
• Related突き抜けるつきぬけるNeutralPiercing through to the other side or rushing through in one go, as in 「天井を突き抜ける」. 「過ぎる」 simply notes the passing.
• RelatedいくNeutralThe all-purpose verb for going somewhere, focused on heading to a destination. 「過ぎる」 instead marks passing a point on the way, or time passing.
• Related通行つうこうWrittenWritten word for people or vehicles traveling on a road, as in 「通行止め」. About traffic on a route, not about time or excess.
• RelatedうつるNeutralMoving to another place or shifting into another state, as in 「季節が移る」. About change of position or condition, not simple passing.
• Related流れるながれるNeutralTime or liquid flowing along, as in 「月日が流れる」. Has a literary flavor; 「過ぎる」 is the plain, everyday way to say time passes.
• RelatedわたるNeutralCrossing a river or bridge from this side to the far bank. The stress is on getting across a gap; 「過ぎる」 just notes passing.
• Related突っ切るつっきるCasualColloquial: charging straight across or through, as in 「交差点を突っ切る」. Carries a bold, headlong feel 「過ぎる」 lacks.
• Relatedくぐり抜けるくぐりぬけるNeutralDucking through a low or narrow gap, or getting through hardship, as in 「難関をくぐり抜ける」. 「過ぎる」 has no sense of squeezing through.
• Related過ぎ行くすぎゆくWrittenWritten, literary form for time gradually slipping away, tinged with wistfulness. 「過ぎる」 states the same passing without the poetic air.
• Antonym足りないたりないNeutralAntonym of 「過ぎる」's excess sense: not enough, falling short. Where 「過ぎる」 says too much, this says too little.
• Antonym不足するWrittenFormal word for a quantity falling short — the written counterpart of 「足りない」, standing opposite to 「過ぎる」's excess.

For passing a place, time going by, or doing too much, 「過ぎる」 is the default. For space, 「通り過ぎる」 and 「通る」 are the everyday picks; 「経つ」 and 「経過」 handle time; 「越える」 covers getting over a line; 「過ぎ去る」 says something is fully over; and 「足りない」 is the opposite — not enough. The rest are finer shades: through a tunnel 「通り抜ける」, across a road 「横切る」, over a river or mountain 「渡る」「越す」, past a limit 「通り越す」, formal 「通過」「経る」「通行」「横断」, literary 「過ぎ行く」「流れる」.

Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only

1. 事柄ことがらが去り行さりゆく。
2. ある地点ちてんよりも先さきへ行いく。
3. 時間じかんがある時点じてんを超こえる。
4. 程度ていどが普通ふつうを超こえる。
5. （動詞どうしの連用形れんようけい、形容詞けいようし・形容けいよう動詞どうしの語幹ごかんなどについて補助ほじょ動詞どうし的てきに）
6. つりあわないほど良よい。
7. (専もっぱら否定ひていの形かたちで)ある境界きょうかいを越こえない。ただ単たんに…である。