風刺・諷刺|ふうしfuushi[0]heiban (flat)
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Which spelling to use
風刺風刺 is the more common written form and is written entirely in kanji. For beginners, it is the recommended choice when writing this word.
諷刺諷刺 is a less common kanji-only written variant of 風刺. Beginners should generally choose 風刺 instead, though 諷刺 may also be encountered.
Definitions
- suru verb, transitive verb, no-adjectivesatire; irony; sarcasm
Conjugation
| Dictionary form | 風刺する（ふうしする） |
|---|---|
| Polite (masu) | 風刺します（ふうしします） |
| Negative (nai) | 風刺しない（ふうししない） |
| polite (masen) | 風刺しません（ふうししません） |
| classical zu / nu | 風刺せず・風刺せぬ（ふうしせず・ふうしせぬ） |
| Past (ta) | 風刺した（ふうしした） |
| polite (mashita) | 風刺しました（ふうししました） |
| Past negative (nakatta) | 風刺しなかった（ふうししなかった） |
| polite (masen deshita) | 風刺しませんでした（ふうししませんでした） |
| Te form | 風刺して（ふうしして） |
| Potential | 風刺できる（ふうしできる） |
| Passive | 風刺される（ふうしされる） |
| Causative | 風刺させる（ふうしさせる） |
| Causative passive | 風刺させられる（ふうしさせられる） |
| Conditional (ba) | 風刺すれば（ふうしすれば） |
| tara | 風刺したら（ふうししたら） |
| Volitional | 風刺しよう（ふうししよう） |
| polite (mashou) | 風刺しましょう（ふうししましょう） |
| Imperative | 風刺しろ（ふうししろ） |
Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.
Synonyms & antonyms
- Synonym皮肉ひにくNeutralSarcasm or irony aimed mostly at individuals, also the irony of fate; 「風刺」 targets society or politics through works.
- SynonymアイロニーWrittenLoanword for irony as a figure of speech; a literary term, at home in written prose rather than conversation.
- Related嫌味いやみNeutralAn unpleasant, nasty dig at someone; centers on mean-spirited remarks between people, and is colloquial.
- Related諷するふうするWrittenA verb meaning to hint at or satirize something indirectly through another matter; literary and rather archaic.
- Related当てこすりあてこすりNeutralA roundabout, malicious jab — snide remarks made by way of something else; colloquial.
- RelatedイロニーWrittenLoanword for irony, the same idea as 「アイロニー」 but leaning more philosophical; written usage.
- Related当てつけあてつけNeutralSpiteful words or acts made deliberately so the other person gets the point, out of pique.
- Antonym賛美さんびWrittenPraise or glorification; the opposite of the critical stance of 「風刺」, and itself a written, formal word.
- Antonym賞賛しょうさんNeutralPraise or commendation; the opposite of satirical 「風刺」.
Use 「風刺」 for criticizing society or politics through works — 「風刺漫画」, 「社会風刺」. For digs at individuals, 「皮肉」 or 「嫌味」; for indirect, spiteful jabs, 「当てこすり」. The opposite of satirizing is 「賞賛」.
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only
Japanese definitions
Kanji in this word
English equivalents
