賛美・讃美|さんびsanbi[1]atamadaka (head-high)
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Which spelling to use
賛美賛美 is the most common written form and the recommended choice for beginners. Use it when writing the word in Japanese.
讃美讃美 is a less common written variant of 賛美. Beginners should choose 賛美 instead when writing the word.
Definitions
- noun, suru verb, transitive verbpraise; glorification; extolment
Conjugation
| Dictionary form | 賛美する（さんびする） |
|---|---|
| Polite (masu) | 賛美します（さんびします） |
| Negative (nai) | 賛美しない（さんびしない） |
| polite (masen) | 賛美しません（さんびしません） |
| classical zu / nu | 賛美せず・賛美せぬ（さんびせず・さんびせぬ） |
| Past (ta) | 賛美した（さんびした） |
| polite (mashita) | 賛美しました（さんびしました） |
| Past negative (nakatta) | 賛美しなかった（さんびしなかった） |
| polite (masen deshita) | 賛美しませんでした（さんびしませんでした） |
| Te form | 賛美して（さんびして） |
| Potential | 賛美できる（さんびできる） |
| Passive | 賛美される（さんびされる） |
| Causative | 賛美させる（さんびさせる） |
| Causative passive | 賛美させられる（さんびさせられる） |
| Conditional (ba) | 賛美すれば（さんびすれば） |
| tara | 賛美したら（さんびしたら） |
| Volitional | 賛美しよう（さんびしよう） |
| polite (mashou) | 賛美しましょう（さんびしましょう） |
| Imperative | 賛美しろ（さんびしろ） |
Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.
Synonyms & antonyms
- Synonym賞賛しょうさんWrittenThe most general word for praise, as in 「賞賛を浴びる」. 「賛美」 is stronger and carries a nuance of glorification.
- Synonym礼賛らいさんNeutralPraise with a nuance of worship or adoration, as in 「自然礼賛」. Slightly written in tone.
- Synonym絶賛ぜっさんNeutralHighest praise, as in 「絶賛を浴びる」; also in 「絶賛上映中」, meaning something is being promoted in a big way.
- Synonym嘆賞たんしょうWrittenWritten word for admiring praise, as in 「美しさに嘆賞する」; the emphasis is on being moved to exclaim. Rare.
- Synonym称揚しょうようWrittenWritten and rare; means praising and publicizing someone's merits, as in 「功績を称揚する」.
- Synonym褒め称えるほめたたえるNeutralNative Japanese verb for praising someone lavishly, as in 「英雄を褒め称える」. Solemn, elevated tone.
- Synonym賞美しょうびWrittenWritten word for appreciating and praising, as in 「月を賞美する」; typically used for elegant, refined things.
- Synonym嘆美たんびWrittenWritten and rare; expresses admiring the beauty of something.
- Synonym賞嘆しょうたんWrittenWritten and rare; praise mixed with exclamatory admiration, as in 「賞嘆に値する」.
- Synonym嘉賞かしょうWrittenWritten and rare; commendation, typically from a superior rewarding someone below.
- Synonym賛嘆さんたんNeutralNoun for deep, admiring praise, as in 「技術に賛嘆する」; stresses astonishment and respect.
- Synonym三嘆さんたんWrittenRepeated, deep admiration, mostly in the set phrase 「一読三嘆」. Written and rare.
- Synonym讃賞さんしょうWrittenWritten and rare word for appreciation and praise; in ordinary use say 「賞賛」.
- Synonym賛するさんするWrittenWritten and rare; approval or assent, as in 「趣旨に賛する」, and also inscribing a laudatory note on a painting.
- Synonym褒め上げるほめあげるNeutralPraising someone to the skies, as in 「部下を褒め上げる」. Colloquial and emphatic.
- Synonym賞するしょうするWrittenWritten word for savoring and praising something, as in 「花を賞する」.
- Synonym褒めちぎるほめちぎるNeutralColloquial and exaggerated: praising something nonstop, as in 「作品を褒めちぎる」.
- Synonym褒め立てるほめたてるNeutralColloquial for praising something lavishly, as in 「褒め立てる」; often carries a flattering nuance.
- Synonym推称すいしょうWrittenWritten and rare; admiring and praising the excellence of a person or thing.
- Synonym熱賛ねっさんNeutralArdent praise; rare — 「絶賛」 is the usual word.
- Antonym非難ひなんNeutralThe direct antonym: criticism or blame, as in 「非難を浴びる」.
- Antonym誹謗ひぼうNeutralSlander or abuse, as in 「誹謗中傷」; the opposite of praising.
- Antonym批判ひはんNeutralCriticism or judgement, as in 「政府を批判する」; the opposite of praising.
For fervent glorification of people, gods, nature or beautiful things, use 「賛美」 (「賛美歌」「自然を賛美する」). For ordinary praise say 「賞賛」, for the highest praise 「絶賛」, and for lavish extolling 「褒め称える」. The opposite is 「非難」.
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only
Japanese definitions
- 褒め称えること。
Kanji in this word
English equivalents
See also
