危ない|あぶないabunai[0]heiban (flat)

JLPT N5approx.Common
Definitions
  1. i-adjectivedangerous; risky; hazardous; perilous; precarious
    火ひは非常ひじょうに危あぶない。↗
    Fire is very dangerous.
    こんな夜更よふけに女の子おんなのこの一人歩ひとりあるきは危あぶない。↗
    It is not safe for a girl to go out by herself so late at night.
  2. i-adjectivein danger; in jeopardy; critical; grave; at risk
    彼かれの命いのちが危あぶない。↗
    His life is in danger.
  3. i-adjectiveuncertain; unreliable; insecure; unsteady; doubtful
    危あぶない空模様そらもようだ。↗
    The weather is threatening.
  4. i-adjectiveclose (call); narrow (escape)
    間一髪かんいっぱつ!危あぶないところでした。↗
    That was a close call.
  5. i-adjectivesketchy; shady; dodgyoften as アブない
  6. interjectionlook out!; watch out!; be careful!
Conjugation
Plain form危ない(あぶない)
Polite (desu)危ないです(あぶないです)
Negative (kunai)危なくない(あぶなくない)
polite (ku arimasen)危なくありません(あぶなくありません)
Past (katta)危なかった(あぶなかった)
Past negative (kunakatta)危なくなかった(あぶなくなかった)
Te form (kute)危なくて(あぶなくて)
Adverbial (ku)危なく(あぶなく)
Conditional (kereba)危なければ(あぶなければ)
kattara危なかったら(あぶなかったら)

Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.

Synonyms & antonyms
  • Synonym危ういあやういWrittenWritten/formal prose: a situation in imminent danger or precarious, as in 「危うい立場」. More formal than 「危ない」, which is the everyday spoken word.
  • Synonym危険きけんNeutralNeutral Sino-Japanese word for danger, as in 「危険物」 or 「危険を冒す」. More formal and objective than 「危ない」.
  • Synonym危なっかしいあぶなっかしいCasualColloquial: describes someone or something that looks unsteady and makes you anxious just watching, as in 「危なっかしい手つき」.
  • SynonymやばいCasualColloquial slang: a situation is bad or dangerous; young people also use it to mean terrific. Much more casual than 「危ない」.
  • Synonym物騒ぶっそうNeutralNeutral: describes an atmosphere where danger seems likely, or unsafe social conditions, as in 「物騒な世の中」.
  • Related剣呑けんのんWrittenWritten/formal prose with an old-fashioned flavor, found mostly in novels: risky and unsettling. In speech, 「危ない」 is the natural choice.
  • Antonym安全あんぜんNeutralNeutral antonym: safe and free from danger — the direct opposite of 「危ない」.

For danger, 「危ない」 is the everyday default. Formal and objective: 「危険」. A situation on the brink: 「危うい」. Looking unsteady: 「危なっかしい」. Unsafe streets or society: 「物騒」. Literary: 「剣呑」. Slang: 「やばい」. Antonym: 「安全」.

Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only

Japanese definitions
  1. 災わざわいが起おこりそうである。危害きがいをもたらす。危険きけんだ。
  2. 存続そんぞくが危あやぶまれる状態じょうたいである。また、悪わるい結果けっかになりそうだ。
  3. 望のぞむところが実現じつげんしそうにない。
  4. 不確ふたしかで信頼しんらいできそうにない。あてにならない。
  5. 危険きけんが差し迫さしせまった状況じょうきょうである。
Kanji in this word
English equivalents
See also

JLPT vocabulary levels are community estimates, not official (no official lists have been published since the 2010 revision).

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