心労|しんろうshinrou[0]heiban (flat)
This browser can't play pronunciations (needs Safari 18.4 or later, or Chrome / Edge / Firefox).
- noun, suru verb, intransitive verbanxiety; worry; fear彼女は心労に打ち勝てなかった。↗She could not cope with anxiety.
Conjugation
| Dictionary form | 心労する(しんろうする) |
|---|---|
| Polite (masu) | 心労します(しんろうします) |
| Negative (nai) | 心労しない(しんろうしない) |
| polite (masen) | 心労しません(しんろうしません) |
| classical zu / nu | 心労せず・心労せぬ(しんろうせず・しんろうせぬ) |
| Past (ta) | 心労した(しんろうした) |
| polite (mashita) | 心労しました(しんろうしました) |
| Past negative (nakatta) | 心労しなかった(しんろうしなかった) |
| polite (masen deshita) | 心労しませんでした(しんろうしませんでした) |
| Te form | 心労して(しんろうして) |
| Potential | 心労できる(しんろうできる) |
| Passive | 心労される(しんろうされる) |
| Causative | 心労させる(しんろうさせる) |
| Causative passive | 心労させられる(しんろうさせられる) |
| Conditional (ba) | 心労すれば(しんろうすれば) |
| tara | 心労したら(しんろうしたら) |
| Volitional | 心労しよう(しんろうしよう) |
| polite (mashou) | 心労しましょう(しんろうしましょう) |
| Imperative | 心労しろ(しんろうしろ) |
Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.
- Synonym懸念けねんWrittenWritten. Worry that something may go wrong, as in 「懸念を示す」; concern over a situation, with no sense of wearing yourself out.
- Synonym心配しんぱいNeutralThe most general word for worry, as in 「心配をかける」; 「心労」 stresses exhaustion from long-term worrying.
- Synonym憂慮ゆうりょWrittenWritten. Worry or anxiety, from major situations down to a family member's health, as in 「事態を憂慮する」.
- Synonym不安ふあんNeutralUnease and anxiety; leans toward the state of mind itself, as in 「将来が不安」.
- Synonym気がかりきがかりNeutralSomething specific that weighs on your mind, as in 「気がかりな点」.
- Synonym気苦労きぐろうNeutralMental weariness from looking out for others; the closest word to 「心労」, and slightly colloquial.
- SynonymおそれNeutralFear, and also the risk that something bad may happen, as in 「〜の恐れがある」.
- Synonym苦しみくるしみNeutralSuffering in a broad sense, of body or mind.
- Synonym心痛しんつうWrittenWritten. Worrying so much that it pains the heart; not often used.
- Synonym憂心ゆうしんWrittenWritten. A heart weighed down with sorrow; very rare.
- Synonym焦慮しょうりょWrittenWritten. Impatience and fretful urgency, as in 「焦慮に駆られる」.
- Related苦悩くのうWrittenWritten. Deep mental anguish, as in 「苦悩の日々」.
- Related恐れるおそれるNeutralTo fear or dread that something bad may happen; leans toward fear itself, with no sense of strain.
- Related悲嘆ひたんWrittenWritten. Grief and lamentation — sorrow rather than worry.
- Related思い悩むおもいなやむNeutralTo agonize, turning a problem over and over, as in 「一人で思い悩む」.
- Related憂いうれいWrittenWritten. Anxious gloom and melancholy, as in 「後顧の憂い」.
- Related煩慮はんりょWrittenWritten. Fretting over all sorts of things; rare.
- Related憂患ゆうかんWrittenWritten. Worry and distress; rare and rather archaic.
- Related悩乱のうらんWrittenWritten. Worrying until your mind falls into disorder; rare.
- Related物案じものあんじWrittenWorry or concern over something; rare and old-fashioned.
- Related苦悶くもんWrittenWritten. Anguished struggle, as in 「苦悶の表情」.
- Related思い乱れるおもいみだれるNeutralThoughts thrown into turmoil, often over love; rare.
- Related煩悶はんもんWrittenWritten. Anguish and worry, more on the intellectual side.
- Related不安心ふあんしんWrittenWritten. Unable to set your mind at ease; rare.
- Antonym安心あんしんNeutralPeace of mind — the opposite of the strain of 「心労」.
- Antonym安楽あんらくWrittenWritten. Comfort and ease — the opposite of 「心労」.
Use 「心配」 for worry in general; 「心労」 is the strain of worrying over the long term, as in 「心労がたたって倒れる」. For concern about how things may turn out, 「懸念」 and 「憂慮」 are written alternatives. 「気苦労」 is the everyday word for the weariness of looking after others. 「気がかり」 points to a specific worry, 「不安」 to a state of unease, and 「恐れ」 to fear or risk. For deep anguish use 「苦悩」; 「安心」 is the opposite — being free of worry.
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only


