殴る・擲る・撲る|なぐるnaguru[2]nakadaka (mid-high)
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Which spelling to use
殴る殴る（なぐる） is the most common written form and the recommended choice for beginners; it is written with kanji and kana.
擲る擲る（なぐる） is a rarely used alternative written with kanji and kana, so learners will seldom need to choose it in place of 殴る（なぐる）.
撲る撲る（なぐる） is a rarely used alternative written with kanji and kana, so learners will seldom need to choose it in place of 殴る（なぐる）.
Definitions
- godan verb, transitive verbto strike; to hit; to beat; to punch
Conjugation
| Dictionary form | 殴る（なぐる） |
|---|---|
| Polite (masu) | 殴ります（なぐります） |
| Negative (nai) | 殴らない（なぐらない） |
| polite (masen) | 殴りません（なぐりません） |
| classical zu / nu | 殴らず・殴らぬ（なぐらず・なぐらぬ） |
| Past (ta) | 殴った（なぐった） |
| polite (mashita) | 殴りました（なぐりました） |
| Past negative (nakatta) | 殴らなかった（なぐらなかった） |
| polite (masen deshita) | 殴りませんでした（なぐりませんでした） |
| Te form | 殴って（なぐって） |
| Potential | 殴れる（なぐれる） |
| Passive | 殴られる（なぐられる） |
| Causative | 殴らせる（なぐらせる） |
| Causative passive | 殴らせられる・殴らされる（なぐらせられる・なぐらされる） |
| Conditional (ba) | 殴れば（なぐれば） |
| tara | 殴ったら（なぐったら） |
| Volitional | 殴ろう（なぐろう） |
| polite (mashou) | 殴りましょう（なぐりましょう） |
| Imperative | 殴れ（なぐれ） |
Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.
Synonyms & antonyms
- SynonymぶつCasualColloquial: hit or strike, and also make a speech; 「殴る」 is for hitting someone or something violently with a fist or an implement.
- Synonym叩くたたくNeutralNeutral: knock or tap, with force from light to heavy, and by extension criticize or attack; 「殴る」 is violent hitting with a fist or tool.
- Synonym殴打おうだWrittenWritten noun/suru verb for assault, typical of news and legal texts; in everyday speech say 「殴る」.
- Synonym強打きょうだNeutralA heavy blow, and in baseball etc. aggressive batting; 「殴る」 centers on hitting violently with a fist or tool.
- Synonym殴りつけるなぐりつけるNeutralStrike someone hard with full force; stronger in force and impact than plain 「殴る」, which simply states the hitting.
- Synonymぶっ飛ばすぶっとばすCasualColloquial and rough: knock someone flying (also drive at high speed); 「殴る」 does not imply sending the person flying.
- Synonymぶっ叩くぶったたくCasualColloquial and coarse: pound someone with repeated hard blows; 「殴る」 is the more general word.
- Synonymぶん殴るぶんなぐるCasualColloquial: give someone a hard beating — rougher and angrier than 「殴る」.
- Synonym折檻せっかんNeutralSevere discipline: corporal punishment or just harsh scolding; 「殴る」 carries no idea of punishment or discipline.
- Synonym打擲ちょうちゃくWrittenWritten/formal prose, old-fashioned word for thrashing someone; in daily speech use 「殴る」.
- SynonymしばくCasualKansai colloquial: hit or beat someone, and also go out to eat or drink; 「殴る」 is the standard word.
- SynonymどやすCasualColloquial: pound on someone, and also bellow at them; 「殴る」 covers only the physical act.
- SynonymどやしつけるCasualColloquial: beat someone hard or give them a dressing-down, with the nuance of teaching a lesson; 「殴る」 is only the physical act.
- SynonymどつくCasualKansai colloquial, rough: shove or jab-punch someone; 「殴る」 is the more standard word.
- Related一撃いちげきNeutralNoun for a single blow or attack, stressing that it is just one; 「殴る」 is a verb and covers one blow or many.
- Antonym撫でるなでるNeutralStroke or caress gently — the opposite of the forceful hitting of 「殴る」.
「殴る」 is the default for hitting a person or thing violently with a fist or an object. Use 「殴打」 in news or legal writing, 「叩く」 for knocking, tapping or criticizing, 「ぶん殴る」 for a hard, angry beating, and 「撫でる」 for gentle stroking.
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only
Japanese definitions
Kanji in this word
English equivalents
