注釈・註釈|ちゅうしゃくchuushaku[0]heiban (flat)
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Which spelling to use
注釈注釈 is the most common written form and the one learners will generally encounter for notes, comments, remarks, and annotations.
註釈註釈 is a less common kanji variant of 注釈; recognize it as the same word, but choose 注釈 when writing.
Definitions
- noun, suru verb, transitive verb, intransitive verbnotes; comment; remark; annotation
Conjugation
| Dictionary form | 注釈する（ちゅうしゃくする） |
|---|---|
| Polite (masu) | 注釈します（ちゅうしゃくします） |
| Negative (nai) | 注釈しない（ちゅうしゃくしない） |
| polite (masen) | 注釈しません（ちゅうしゃくしません） |
| classical zu / nu | 注釈せず・注釈せぬ（ちゅうしゃくせず・ちゅうしゃくせぬ） |
| Past (ta) | 注釈した（ちゅうしゃくした） |
| polite (mashita) | 注釈しました（ちゅうしゃくしました） |
| Past negative (nakatta) | 注釈しなかった（ちゅうしゃくしなかった） |
| polite (masen deshita) | 注釈しませんでした（ちゅうしゃくしませんでした） |
| Te form | 注釈して（ちゅうしゃくして） |
| Potential | 注釈できる（ちゅうしゃくできる） |
| Passive | 注釈される（ちゅうしゃくされる） |
| Causative | 注釈させる（ちゅうしゃくさせる） |
| Causative passive | 注釈させられる（ちゅうしゃくさせられる） |
| Conditional (ba) | 注釈すれば（ちゅうしゃくすれば） |
| tara | 注釈したら（ちゅうしゃくしたら） |
| Volitional | 注釈しよう（ちゅうしゃくしよう） |
| polite (mashou) | 注釈しましょう（ちゅうしゃくしましょう） |
| Imperative | 注釈しろ（ちゅうしゃくしろ） |
Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.
Synonyms & antonyms
- Synonym注ちゅうNeutralA note or footnote, as in 「注を付ける」; 「注釈」 is the umbrella term for explanatory notes.
- Synonym解説かいせつNeutralAn accessible explanation of the main points, as in 「ニュース解説」; 「注釈」 is attached to a text.
- SynonymコメントNeutralLoanword for a comment or stated opinion; 「注釈」 explains a text.
- Synonym説明せつめいNeutralThe most general word for explanation; 「注釈」 specifically means notes attached to a text.
- Synonym注解ちゅうかいWrittenWritten style. Adding notes to explain a text; largely interchangeable with 「注釈」.
- Synonym注記ちゅうきWrittenWritten style. Notes added for the record, e.g. on maps or tables; 「注釈」 centres on explaining meaning.
- Synonym注疏ちゅうそWrittenWritten style. Notes and subcommentary on the classics, mainly in the study of Chinese texts; rarely used.
- Synonym評注ひょうちゅうWrittenWritten style. Commentary combined with annotation; 「注釈」 only explains.
- Synonym評註ひょうちゅうWrittenAn alternate spelling of 「評注」: commentary plus annotation; very rare.
- Synonym釈義しゃくぎWrittenWritten style. Explaining the meaning of classics or passages; rarely used.
- Related付記ふきWrittenWritten style. Jotting down something extra, such as an appended note or date; 「注釈」 explains wording.
- Related解釈かいしゃくNeutralInterpreting or understanding something, as in 「法律の解釈」; 「注釈」 is the note actually written down.
- Related義解ぎげWrittenWritten style. Explaining the meaning; mostly seen in titles of old works such as 「令義解」.
- Related通釈つうしゃくWrittenWritten style. A plain, running explanation of a whole classical text or poem; common in reference books.
- Related通解つうかいWrittenWritten style. An explanation that runs through the whole text; rarely used.
- Antonym本文ほんぶんNeutralThe main body of a book or document, as opposed to the appended 「注釈」.
For notes attached to a book, use 「注」 or 「注釈」. Use 「解説」 for an accessible explanation, 「解釈」 for interpreting meaning, 「コメント」 for opinions; the text itself is 「本文」. Written-style terms: 「注解」 notes on a text, 「注記」 remarks on maps or tables, 「注疏」「釈義」 for classics, 「評注」 commentary plus notes, 「通釈」 a full plain rendering, 「付記」 added remarks.
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only
Japanese definitions
Kanji in this word
English equivalents
See also
