混同|こんどうkondou[0]heiban (flat)
This browser can't play pronunciations (needs Safari 18.4 or later, or Chrome / Edge / Firefox).
- noun, suru verb, transitive verbconfusion; mixing; merger
Conjugation
| Dictionary form | 混同する(こんどうする) |
|---|---|
| Polite (masu) | 混同します(こんどうします) |
| Negative (nai) | 混同しない(こんどうしない) |
| polite (masen) | 混同しません(こんどうしません) |
| classical zu / nu | 混同せず・混同せぬ(こんどうせず・こんどうせぬ) |
| Past (ta) | 混同した(こんどうした) |
| polite (mashita) | 混同しました(こんどうしました) |
| Past negative (nakatta) | 混同しなかった(こんどうしなかった) |
| polite (masen deshita) | 混同しませんでした(こんどうしませんでした) |
| Te form | 混同して(こんどうして) |
| Potential | 混同できる(こんどうできる) |
| Passive | 混同される(こんどうされる) |
| Causative | 混同させる(こんどうさせる) |
| Causative passive | 混同させられる(こんどうさせられる) |
| Conditional (ba) | 混同すれば(こんどうすれば) |
| tara | 混同したら(こんどうしたら) |
| Volitional | 混同しよう(こんどうしよう) |
| polite (mashou) | 混同しましょう(こんどうしましょう) |
| Imperative | 混同しろ(こんどうしろ) |
Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.
- Synonym混交こんこうWrittenWritten term for things of different kinds jumbling together or being mixed in. 「混同」 is about failing to keep apart things that should be distinguished.
- Related混合こんごうNeutralBlending different things together, as in 「混合物」 or 「男女混合」. 「混同」 is not physical mixing but wrongly treating things that should be kept distinct as one.
- Related混在こんざいNeutralDifferent things coexisting or lying mixed in one place. 「混同」 is about confusing things that should be told apart, not about things simply coexisting.
- Related混ぜるまぜるNeutralTransitive verb for stirring or blending things together. 「混同」 means wrongly treating things that should be distinguished as one and the same.
- Related混成こんせいNeutralForming one unit by combining different kinds, as in a mixed team or chorus. 「混同」 is about mixing up two things that should be told apart.
- Related入り混じるいりまじるNeutralVarious things mingling in together, as in 「期待と不安が入り混じる」. 「混同」 is conflating things that should be kept apart.
- Related混じるまじるNeutralIntransitive: something gets mixed in, as in 「白髪が混じる」. 「混同」 is treating things that should be distinguished as if they were the same.
- Related交えるまじえるNeutralMixing something in or exchanging words, as in 「冗談を交えて」. 「混同」 is about confusing things, not about adding one thing to another.
- RelatedブレンドNeutralLoanword for blending, as in 「ブレンドコーヒー」. 「混同」 is mixing things up in the sense of confusing them.
- Related混ぜ合わすまぜあわすNeutralMixing or blending things together; used less often. 「混同」 is wrongly treating things that should be distinguished as one.
- RelatedミックスNeutralLoanword for mixing, also mixing audio tracks, as in 「ミックスジュース」. 「混同」 is wrongly treating things that should be distinguished as one.
- Related交錯こうさくNeutralThings crisscrossing and interweaving, as in 「期待と不安が交錯」. 「混同」 is about confusing things, not about elements intertwining.
- Related配合はいごうNeutralCombining or arranging things in set proportions, as in 「色の配合」. 「混同」 is conflating things that should be kept apart.
- Related混ざるまざるNeutralIntransitive: things blend into one, as in 「水と油は混ざらない」. 「混同」 is treating things that should be distinguished as if they were the same.
- Related混じり合うまじりあうNeutralSeveral things blending and mingling into each other. 「混同」 is about confusing things that should be kept distinct, not about actual mingling.
- Related混和こんわWrittenWritten word for mixing and blending; rare. 「混同」 is about failing to distinguish things and treating them as one.
- Related取り混ぜるとりまぜるNeutralPutting different things together in a mix, as in 「大小取り混ぜて」. 「混同」 is about confusing things that should be told apart.
- Related混ぜ合わせるまぜあわせるNeutralBlending several things evenly together. 「混同」 involves no actual mixing; it means treating things that should be distinguished as the same.
- RelatedちゃんぽんCasualColloquial for jumbling different things together, such as mixing different drinks. 「混同」 is conflating things that should be kept apart.
- Related交雑こうざつWrittenWritten word for crossbreeding between different strains or varieties. 「混同」 is wrongly treating things that should be distinguished as one.
- Related混ざり合うまざりあうNeutralThings mixing into each other until they can no longer be told apart. 「混同」 is treating things that should be distinguished as one and the same.
- Antonym区別くべつNeutralAntonym on the distinguishing-versus-confusing axis: 「区別」 means telling things apart, the opposite of 「混同」.
- Antonym弁別べんべつWrittenWritten word for telling things apart by their differences; the opposite of 「混同」 on the distinguishing-versus-confusing axis.
「混同」 is for wrongly treating things that should be kept distinct as one, as in 「公私混同」. For actually mixing things together use 「混合」; for different things coexisting mixed in one place, 「混在」; for stirring, 「混ぜる」; for interweaving, 「交錯」. The antonyms are 「区別」 and 「弁別」.
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only


