痛める・傷める|いためるitameru[3]nakadaka (mid-high)
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Which spelling to use
痛める痛める is the more common written form and is written with kanji followed by kana.
傷める傷める is less common than 痛める; beginners should nevertheless use it as their default written form.
Definitions
- ichidan verb, transitive verbto hurt; to injure; to cause painusu. 痛める
- ichidan verb, transitive verbto harm; to damage; to spoilusu. 傷める
- ichidan verb, transitive verbto worry; to bother; to be grieved over; to afflictusu. 痛める
- ichidan verb, transitive verbto cause financial loss; to hurt one's pocketusu. 痛める
Conjugation
| Dictionary form | 痛める（いためる） |
|---|---|
| Polite (masu) | 痛めます（いためます） |
| Negative (nai) | 痛めない（いためない） |
| polite (masen) | 痛めません（いためません） |
| classical zu / nu | 痛めず・痛めぬ（いためず・いためぬ） |
| Past (ta) | 痛めた（いためた） |
| polite (mashita) | 痛めました（いためました） |
| Past negative (nakatta) | 痛めなかった（いためなかった） |
| polite (masen deshita) | 痛めませんでした（いためませんでした） |
| Te form | 痛めて（いためて） |
| Potential | 痛められる（いためられる） |
| Passive | 痛められる（いためられる） |
| Causative | 痛めさせる（いためさせる） |
| Causative passive | 痛めさせられる（いためさせられる） |
| Conditional (ba) | 痛めれば（いためれば） |
| tara | 痛めたら（いためたら） |
| Volitional | 痛めよう（いためよう） |
| polite (mashou) | 痛めましょう（いためましょう） |
| Imperative | 痛めろ（いためろ） |
Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.
Transitive / intransitive pair
足が痛む
足を痛める
痛む describes a body part that aches or hurts on its own, while 痛める means to injure or strain a body part through an action.
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only
Synonyms & antonyms
- Synonym傷つけるきずつけるNeutralTo wound someone or hurt their feelings; 「痛める」 mostly covers strained or sprained body parts and heartache.
- Synonym損ねるそこねるNeutralTo harm health or mood, as in 「機嫌を損ねる」; 「痛める」 is mostly used for injured body parts.
- Synonym損じるそんじるWrittenWritten word for damaging something, also a suffix meaning to fail at; 「痛める」 leans toward bodily injury.
- Synonym損なうそこなうNeutralTo impair health, value or reputation, as in 「健康を損なう」; 「痛める」 is more concrete — strained body parts or heartache.
- Synonym害するがいするWrittenWritten word for harming health or spirits, as in 「健康を害する」; 「痛める」 mostly injures a specific body part.
- Related毀損きそんFormalFormal term for damaging things or defaming reputation, as in 「名誉毀損」; 「痛める」 mainly covers strained body parts or damaged objects.
- Related損傷そんしょうWrittenWritten Sino-Japanese noun for damage to objects or the body; 「痛める」 is a native verb, as in 「腰を痛める」「胸を痛める」.
- Related破損はそんNeutralRefers to objects breaking or being damaged; 「痛める」 is mainly for injured body parts or inner anguish.
- Related痛むいたむNeutralIts intransitive counterpart: to ache, or (of things) to be damaged; 「痛める」 is the transitive form — to injure something or cause damage.
- Related苦しむくるしむNeutralIntransitive: to suffer or agonize; 「痛める」 is transitive, and 「心を痛める」 means to grieve over something.
- Related病めるやめるWrittenWritten word for being ill or ailing, often prenominal as in 「病める社会」; 「痛める」 means to injure or cause pain.
- Antonym治すなおすNeutralAntonym: to cure an illness or injury — the opposite of 「痛める」 injuring the body.
- Antonym癒すいやすNeutralAntonym: to heal an injury or soothe the heart — the reverse of 「痛める」 causing injury or pain.
Use 「痛める」 for straining or hurting a body part (「腰を痛める」) or grieving over something (「心を痛める」). For wounds or hurt feelings pick 「傷つける」; for impaired health, value or reputation 「損なう」; for broken objects 「破損」. 「毀損」「損傷」「害する」「損じる」「病める」 are formal or written alternatives; 「痛む」 is its intransitive counterpart, while 「苦しむ」 is suffering on one's own part; antonyms are 「癒す」 and 「治す」.
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only
Japanese definitions
Kanji in this word
English equivalents
