つける・付ける・着ける・附けるtsukeru[2]nakadaka (mid-high)
This browser can't play pronunciations (needs Safari 18.4 or later, or Chrome / Edge / Firefox).
- ichidan verb, transitive verbto attach; to join; to connect; to add; to append; to affix; to stick; to glue; to fasten; to sew on; to apply (ointment); to put against
- ichidan verb, transitive verbto furnish (a house with)
- ichidan verb, transitive verbto wear; to put on
- ichidan verb, transitive verbto keep a diary; to make an entry
- ichidan verb, transitive verbto appraise; to set (a price)
- ichidan verb, transitive verbto allot; to budget; to assign
- ichidan verb, transitive verbto bring alongside
- ichidan verb, transitive verbto place (under guard or doctor)
- ichidan verb, transitive verbto follow (someone); to shadow; to tail; to stalk
- ichidan verb, transitive verbto load; to give (courage to)
- ichidan verb, transitive verbto keep (an eye on)
- ichidan verb, transitive verbto establish (relations or understanding)
- ichidan verb, transitive verbto turn on (a light)
- ichidan verb, transitive verbto produce flowers (of a plant); to produce fruit
- ichidan verb, transitive verb, goto attach; to play an attachmentusu. ツケる
- suffix, ichidan verbto do intensely; to do fiercely; to do stronglyafter -masu stem of verb
- suffix, ichidan verbto be used to (doing); to be accustomed toafter -masu stem of verb
Conjugation
| Dictionary form | つける |
|---|---|
| Polite (masu) | つけます |
| Negative (nai) | つけない |
| polite (masen) | つけません |
| classical zu / nu | つけず・つけぬ |
| Past (ta) | つけた |
| polite (mashita) | つけました |
| Past negative (nakatta) | つけなかった |
| polite (masen deshita) | つけませんでした |
| Te form | つけて |
| Potential | つけられる |
| Passive | つけられる |
| Causative | つけさせる |
| Causative passive | つけさせられる |
| Conditional (ba) | つければ |
| tara | つけたら |
| Volitional | つけよう |
| polite (mashou) | つけましょう |
| Imperative | つけろ |
Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only
- SynonymくっつけるCasualColloquial; pressing two things tightly together, as in 「机をくっ付ける」, and also matchmaking a couple. Replaces 付ける only in this tight-joining sense.
- Synonym貼付ちょうふWrittenWritten/formal prose; pasting things like photos or stamps, as in 「写真を貼付する」; typical on forms and documents, where it can replace 付ける.
- Synonym添付てんぷNeutralNeutral; attaching extra material to a document or email, as in 「ファイルを添付する」. The usual word for attachments, a narrower use than 付ける.
- Synonym接着せっちゃくNeutralNeutral; bonding with glue or another adhesive, as in 「接着剤」; the emphasis is on the bonded joint itself.
- Synonym付するふするWrittenWritten/formal prose; the same meaning as 「付す」, seen mostly in official documents, as in 「条件を付する」.
- Synonym引っ付けるひっつけるCasualColloquial; sticking or pasting things together, close in sense to 「くっ付ける」 but far less common, with a dialectal flavor.
- Synonym糊付けのりづけNeutralNeutral; pasting with paste or starching clothes; the objects are paper or cloth, such as a letter.
- Synonym糊着こちゃくWrittenWritten/formal prose; gluing things together, and figuratively clinging stubbornly; very rare.
- Related固定こていNeutralNeutral; fixing something in place so it cannot move, as in 「棚を壁に固定する」; the emphasis is on keeping it immobile.
- Related据え付けるすえつけるNeutralNeutral; installing equipment and fixing it securely in place, as in 「エアコンを据え付ける」; for appliances and machinery.
- Related付着ふちゃくNeutralNeutral; sticking to a surface naturally, as in 「汚れが付着する」; intransitive, so what clings is the subject.
- Related作り付けるつくりつけるNeutralNeutral; fixing furniture and the like to a wall as a built-in unit, as in 「作り付けの棚」; made to be non-removable.
- Related付すふすWrittenWritten/formal prose; appending something, or handing a matter over for handling, as in 「注釈を付す」「審議に付す」; found in documents, rare in casual talk.
- Antonym外すはずすNeutralAntonym of 付ける; taking off something worn or removing something fitted, as in 「眼鏡を外す」.
- AntonymはがすNeutralAntonym of 付ける; peeling or tearing off something stuck to a surface, as in 「シールを剥がす」.
For attaching, pasting and wearing accessories, default to 「付ける」 (hats take 「かぶる」). Use 「くっ付ける」 for pressing things tightly together, 「添付」 for file attachments, 「固定」 for fixing in place, 「据え付ける」 for installing equipment. 「貼付」 and written 「付す」「付する」 suit documents; 「接着」「糊付け」 involve glue or paste; 「付着」 is what clings on its own; 「外す」「剥がす」 are opposites: taking off vs. peeling off.
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only


