判断|はんだんhandan[1]atamadaka (head-high)

1. noun, suru verb, transitive verbjudgment; judgement; decision; conclusion; adjudication
   私は君きみの判断はんだんを尊重そんちょうする。↗

   I defer to your judgement.
2. noun, suru verb, transitive verbdivination
3. noun, mathjudgement

• Synonym判定はんていNeutralRuling by rules or standards, e.g. 「判定勝ち」; leans toward objective adjudication, while 「判断」 is deciding after one's own thinking.
• SynonymジャッジNeutralLoanword for refereeing or judging, mostly in sports, as in 「ジャッジが厳しい」; in colloquial speech also used loosely for judgment in general.
• Synonym鑑定かんていNeutralExpert appraisal of authenticity or value, e.g. 「美術品の鑑定」「DNA鑑定」; requires specialist knowledge.
• Synonym審判しんぱんNeutralA referee's or court's ruling, and also the referee or umpire in sports; carries the weight of authoritative judgment.
• Synonym決定けっていNeutralSettling something definitively, as in 「方針を決定する」; the emphasis is on making the final call, while 「判断」 is on thinking things through.
• Synonym決断けつだんNeutralResolutely making up one's mind, as in 「決断を迫られる」; stresses decisiveness, which 「判断」 does not necessarily imply.
• Synonym裁くさばくNeutralVerb for judging and passing sentence, as in 「罪を裁く」; carries a judge's authority, which 「判断」 does not necessarily have.
• SynonymジャッジメントWrittenLoanword for judgment or ruling, formal, seen mainly in proper nouns and business; in everyday speech say 「判断」.
• Related評価ひょうかNeutralAssessing value or merit, as in 「高く評価する」; centers on rating something good or bad, while 「判断」 centers on deciding what is true or right.
• Related審査しんさNeutralScreening to judge acceptability or merit, as in 「書類審査」; usually done by an organization following set procedures, while 「判断」 can be personal.
• Related査定さていNeutralAssessing amounts or grades after investigation, e.g. 「車の査定」「人事査定」; mostly for valuations and performance reviews.
• RelatedアセスメントWrittenLoanword for assessment, especially environmental impact assessment; formal, mostly in specialist and administrative fields.
• Related結論けつろんNeutralThe conclusion reached after discussion or thought, as in 「結論を出す」; it is the outcome of judging, not the process.
• Related見解けんかいWrittenA view or opinion on something, as in 「政府の見解」; more formal, it centers on one's stance and need not involve any decision.
• Related解釈かいしゃくNeutralInterpreting or making sense of meaning, as in 「法律の解釈」; about how something is understood, not about passing judgment.
• Related品評ひんぴょうWrittenWritten word for critiquing the merits of people or things, e.g. 「品評会」「人物を品評する」; 「判断」 is about deciding what is true or right.
• Related結論づけるけつろんづけるWrittenVerb for drawing a conclusion from various facts, as in 「原因と結論づける」; typical of reports and papers.
• Antonym迷いまよいNeutralHesitation and inner confusion; the opposite of making a decisive judgment.
• Antonym優柔不断ゆうじゅうふだんNeutralIndecisiveness, being unable to make up one's mind; the opposite of being able to make a 「判断」.

Use 「判断」 for deciding what is true or right after thinking it through. For rulings by rules or standards say 「判定」; for rating value or merit 「評価」; for resolute decisions 「決断」; for expert appraisal 「鑑定」. 「審査」 is institutional screening, 「審判」 and 「ジャッジ」 refereeing, 「査定」 valuations, 「決定」 the final call, 「結論」 the outcome, 「見解」 and 「解釈」 views and readings, 「裁く」 to judge with authority. 「アセスメント」 and 「ジャッジメント」 are formal loanwords, 「品評」 is written; 「迷い」 and 「優柔不断」 are the opposites.

Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only

1. 物事ものごとの内容ないようやあり方かた、価値かちなどを見比みくらべ、真偽しんぎなどを考かんがえ決きめること。
2. 占うらない。吉凶きっきょうを見みること。
3. ものごとの真偽しんぎや可能かのうなどを判定はんていする思考しこう作用さよう。命題めいだい。または命題めいだいの内容ないよう。