駆る・駈る|かるkaru[0]heiban (flat)
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Which spelling to use
駆る駆る is the most common written form of this verb and the preferred choice for learners; use it for meanings such as urging forward or driving at high speed.
駈る駈る is a less common kanji-and-kana variant of 駆る. You may encounter it in writing, but learners should generally choose 駆る instead.
Definitions
- godan verb, transitive verbto spur on; to urge forward; to impel
- godan verb, transitive verbto drive at high speed (e.g. a car)
Conjugation
| Dictionary form | 駆る（かる） |
|---|---|
| Polite (masu) | 駆ります（かります） |
| Negative (nai) | 駆らない（からない） |
| polite (masen) | 駆りません（かりません） |
| classical zu / nu | 駆らず・駆らぬ（からず・からぬ） |
| Past (ta) | 駆った（かった） |
| polite (mashita) | 駆りました（かりました） |
| Past negative (nakatta) | 駆らなかった（からなかった） |
| polite (masen deshita) | 駆りませんでした（かりませんでした） |
| Te form | 駆って（かって） |
| Potential | 駆れる（かれる） |
| Passive | 駆られる（かられる） |
| Causative | 駆らせる（からせる） |
| Causative passive | 駆らせられる・駆らされる（からせられる・からされる） |
| Conditional (ba) | 駆れば（かれば） |
| tara | 駆ったら（かったら） |
| Volitional | 駆ろう（かろう） |
| polite (mashou) | 駆りましょう（かりましょう） |
| Imperative | 駆れ（かれ） |
Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.
Synonyms & antonyms
- Synonym駆り立てるかりたてるNeutralIncites or drives someone on, stressing the mind being spurred, as in 「不安に駆り立てられる」; stronger in tone than 「駆る」.
- Synonym急き立てるせきたてるNeutralUrges or hurries someone along, pressing them to act fast; it has nothing to do with driving a horse or car at speed.
- Related追うおうNeutralChases or pursues, and can also mean driving something out; very broad in use, but lacks the nuance of driving at high speed.
- Related促すうながすNeutralUrges someone on or helps things along; it leans formal, as in 「注意を促す」, and nudges rather than drives.
- Related迫るせまるNeutralPresses or compels someone, as in 「決断を迫る」; it can also simply mean to draw near or be imminent.
- Related強いるしいるNeutralForces someone to do something against their will, with a coercive feel; it never suggests being driven by an emotion.
- Related追い込むおいこむNeutralDrives someone into a tight spot or predicament, and can also mean a final sprint; the focus is pushing to the brink.
In written prose, use 「駆る」 for driving a car or horse at speed or being driven by an emotion, as in 「愛車を駆る」「衝動に駆られる」. To incite or drive someone, pick 「駆り立てる」; to urge haste, 「急き立てる」 or 「促す」.
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only
Japanese definitions
Kanji in this word
See also
