普及|ふきゅうfukyuu[0]heiban (flat)
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Definitions
- noun, suru verb, transitive verb, intransitive verbdiffusion; spread; popularization; promulgation; familiarization
Conjugation
| Dictionary form | 普及する（ふきゅうする） |
|---|---|
| Polite (masu) | 普及します（ふきゅうします） |
| Negative (nai) | 普及しない（ふきゅうしない） |
| polite (masen) | 普及しません（ふきゅうしません） |
| classical zu / nu | 普及せず・普及せぬ（ふきゅうせず・ふきゅうせぬ） |
| Past (ta) | 普及した（ふきゅうした） |
| polite (mashita) | 普及しました（ふきゅうしました） |
| Past negative (nakatta) | 普及しなかった（ふきゅうしなかった） |
| polite (masen deshita) | 普及しませんでした（ふきゅうしませんでした） |
| Te form | 普及して（ふきゅうして） |
| Potential | 普及できる（ふきゅうできる） |
| Passive | 普及される（ふきゅうされる） |
| Causative | 普及させる（ふきゅうさせる） |
| Causative passive | 普及させられる（ふきゅうさせられる） |
| Conditional (ba) | 普及すれば（ふきゅうすれば） |
| tara | 普及したら（ふきゅうしたら） |
| Volitional | 普及しよう（ふきゅうしよう） |
| polite (mashou) | 普及しましょう（ふきゅうしましょう） |
| Imperative | 普及しろ（ふきゅうしろ） |
Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.
Synonyms & antonyms
- Synonym広まるひろまるNeutralA verb for something spreading or getting around, typically news or customs; 「普及」 is about promoting technology and products to the general public.
- Synonym行き渡るいきわたるNeutralA verb for reaching every place or person, as in 「全員に行き渡る」; 「普及」 stresses coming into widespread use.
- Related浸透しんとうNeutralPermeation of ideas or culture into people's minds, or of a liquid soaking in; 「普及」 is about getting something widely adopted by the public.
- Related流布るふWrittenWritten style: circulating in the world, often of accounts or versions of a text; 「普及」 is about promoting something for use.
- Related広がるひろがるNeutralA verb for spreading or extending, also unfolding; 「普及」 is about getting something into people's hands.
- Related拡散かくさんNeutralDiffusion or scattering, as in nuclear proliferation or forwarding information; 「普及」 stresses something coming into widespread use.
- Related伝播でんぱWrittenWritten style: transmission of culture, technology, or radio waves; 「普及」 stresses use by the general public.
- Related蔓延まんえんNeutralThe spread of disease or bad habits, with a negative nuance; 「普及」 usually describes positive promotion.
- Related流通りゅうつうNeutralCirculation of money, goods, or air; 「普及」 is about popularizing something for general use.
- Related波及はきゅうNeutralThe spread of an influence or effect to a wider range; 「普及」 means putting something into widespread use.
- Related伝わるつたわるNeutralA verb for news getting around, a technology being introduced, or things passed down through generations; 「普及」 stresses popularization.
- Related拡大かくだいNeutralExpansion of scale or scope, also magnification; 「普及」 is about getting more people to use something.
- Related拡張かくちょうNeutralExpansion or extension of functions or scale; 「普及」 is about reaching the general public.
- Related染み渡るしみわたるNeutralA verb for a liquid or a moving feeling permeating everywhere; 「普及」 is about promoting technology and products.
- Related伝搬でんぱんWrittenWritten style, mostly in physics for the propagation of waves; in everyday speech say 「伝わる」.
- Antonym衰退すいたいNeutralAn antonym in the rise-and-fall sense: decline, a loss of strength or vitality.
- Antonym廃れるすたれるNeutralAn antonym in the popularity sense: going out of use or fashion.
Use 「普及」 for promoting technology or products so that the general public uses them. For news getting around say 「広まる」 or 「伝わる」; for ideas seeping into minds, 「浸透」; for disease or bad habits, 「蔓延」; for reaching every person, 「行き渡る」. 「伝播」「伝搬」「流布」 belong to written prose, and 「拡大」「拡張」 concern scale or functions rather than adoption. The opposite of 「普及」 is 「廃れる」, going out of use.
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only
Japanese definitions
Kanji in this word
English equivalents
See also
