認識|にんしきninshiki[0]heiban (flat)

1. noun, suru verb, transitive verbrecognition; awareness; perception; understanding; knowledge; cognition; cognizance; cognisance
   公僕こうぼくも人間にんげんであること、また、人間にんげんである以上いじょう過あやまちを犯おかす可能性かのうせいがあることを、彼かれは認識にんしきしている。↗

   He realizes that public officials are human, and that as human beings they are capable of misjudgement.

• Synonym認知にんちWrittenWritten/formal prose: cognition, as in 「認知心理学」 and 「認知症」, and also the legal acknowledgement of a child. 「認識」 leans toward understanding and grasping something.
• Synonym気づくきづくCasualColloquial: to notice or become aware of something, as in 「間違いに気づく」. Leans toward suddenly realizing; 「認識」 is about clearly understanding.
• Synonym知覚ちかくWrittenWritten/formal prose: perception through the senses, as in 「知覚過敏」. Leans toward the sensory level treated in psychology.
• Synonym感じ取るかんじとるNeutralNeutral: to perceive by feeling, as in 「雰囲気を感じ取る」. Leans toward grasping something with the heart.
• Synonym捉えるとらえるNeutralNeutral: to seize or grasp a point, as in 「本質を捉える」. Leans toward capturing the substance of something.
• Synonym感知かんちWrittenWritten/formal prose: to sense or detect, as in 「温度を感知する」. Often technical, e.g. sensors detecting changes.
• Synonym飲み込むのみこむCasualColloquial: literally to swallow, but also to catch on, as in 「事情を飲み込む」. Leans toward getting the drift of a situation.
• Synonym悟るさとるWrittenWritten/formal prose: to realize or comprehend, as in 「死期を悟る」. Leans toward deep, inward realization.
• Synonym気がつくきがつくCasualColloquial: to notice or become aware; the same as 「気づく」. Also means being attentive and considerate, a sense 「認識」 lacks.
• Synonym意識いしきNeutralNeutral: consciousness, as in 「意識する」 and 「意識を失う」. Leans toward keeping something in mind or a state of consciousness.
• Synonym知るしるNeutralNeutral: to know or learn of something; the most basic word of this set. 「認識」 leans toward clearly grasping the essence.
• Synonym理解りかいNeutralNeutral: to understand, as in 「理解できない」. Leans toward comprehending the logic of something, and can also mean sympathy.
• SynonymわかるCasualColloquial: to understand or see, as in 「意味が分かる」. The most common everyday word for 'understand'.
• Synonym感づくかんづくCasualColloquial: to vaguely sense something, as in 「秘密に感づく」. Leans toward intuitively getting wind of danger or a secret.
• Synonym見て取るみてとるNeutralNeutral: to make out by watching, as in 「状況を見て取る」. Leans toward grasping through observation; 「認識」 is about clearly understanding the essence.
• Synonym看取かんしゅWrittenWritten/formal prose: to perceive or see through something. Rare in modern Japanese.
• Synonym了知りょうちWrittenWritten/formal prose: to know or fully understand. Rare in modern Japanese.
• Synonym心付くこころづくWrittenWritten/formal prose: to notice or become aware. Rare in modern Japanese; everyday speech says 「気づく」.
• Related見出すみいだすWrittenWritten/formal prose: to find or discover, as in 「希望を見出す」. Leans toward picking out something valuable from among many things.
• Related感受かんじゅWrittenWritten/formal prose: to feel with the heart, or for senses and devices receiving stimuli or radio waves. 「認識」 is about clearly understanding and grasping.
• Related弁別べんべつWrittenWritten/formal prose: to distinguish or tell apart. Leans toward identifying differences between things.
• Antonym無視むしNeutralNeutral: to ignore or disregard. The opposite of 「認識」 in the sense of facing something and recognizing it clearly.

Use 「認識」 for clearly recognizing and grasping the essence of something, as in 「認識が甘い」 or 「問題を認識する」. For suddenly noticing something, say 「気づく」; for understanding, 「理解」, or colloquially 「分かる」; the opposite is 「無視」. The written terms 「認知」, 「知覚」, 「感知」 and 「弁別」 cover cognition, sense perception, technical detection and telling things apart, while 「見て取る」, 「感じ取る」, 「捉える」, 「飲み込む」 and 「悟る」 describe particular ways of taking something in. 「看取」, 「了知」 and 「心付く」 are rare today.

Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only

1. 物事ものごとをはっきりと見分みわけること。対象たいしょうを意識いしきし知覚ちかくすること。
2. ことがらの本質ほんしつを正ただしく理解りかいすること。より深ふかく把握はあくし判断はんだんすること。そのような理解りかいや判断はんだん。
3. 機器きき類るいが接続せつぞくされていることが情報じょうほうとして伝達でんたつされること。