誹謗|ひぼうhibou[0]heiban (flat)
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- noun, suru verb, transitive verbslander; abuse
Conjugation
| Dictionary form | 誹謗する(ひぼうする) |
|---|---|
| Polite (masu) | 誹謗します(ひぼうします) |
| Negative (nai) | 誹謗しない(ひぼうしない) |
| polite (masen) | 誹謗しません(ひぼうしません) |
| classical zu / nu | 誹謗せず・誹謗せぬ(ひぼうせず・ひぼうせぬ) |
| Past (ta) | 誹謗した(ひぼうした) |
| polite (mashita) | 誹謗しました(ひぼうしました) |
| Past negative (nakatta) | 誹謗しなかった(ひぼうしなかった) |
| polite (masen deshita) | 誹謗しませんでした(ひぼうしませんでした) |
| Te form | 誹謗して(ひぼうして) |
| Potential | 誹謗できる(ひぼうできる) |
| Passive | 誹謗される(ひぼうされる) |
| Causative | 誹謗させる(ひぼうさせる) |
| Causative passive | 誹謗させられる(ひぼうさせられる) |
| Conditional (ba) | 誹謗すれば(ひぼうすれば) |
| tara | 誹謗したら(ひぼうしたら) |
| Volitional | 誹謗しよう(ひぼうしよう) |
| polite (mashou) | 誹謗しましょう(ひぼうしましょう) |
| Imperative | 誹謗しろ(ひぼうしろ) |
Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.
- Synonym中傷ちゅうしょうNeutralSlander with no factual basis that damages someone's name; stresses the lack of basis and often pairs with 「誹謗」.
- SynonymそしりWrittenWritten word for censure or blame, often in 「〜の謗りを免れない」; it stresses being criticized by others, while 「誹謗」 stresses maliciously speaking ill of someone.
- Synonym讒謗ざんぼうWrittenWritten term for slanderous abuse and vilification, rarely used today; close in meaning to 「誹謗」, but in everyday speech say 「誹謗」 or 「中傷」.
- SynonymそしるWrittenWritten verb meaning to unfairly speak ill of someone; a near-synonym of 「誹謗」.
- Synonym誹毀ひきWrittenWritten term for defaming someone and damaging their name; stresses ruining a person's reputation.
- Synonym誹謗中傷ひぼうちゅうしょうNeutralFour-character compound for malicious attacks made without basis, common online; stresses damage to reputation more than 「誹謗」 alone.
- Related悪口わるぐちCasualThe everyday, colloquial word for badmouthing or insulting people; the most common choice, and it does not necessarily involve malicious fabrication.
- Related侮辱ぶじょくNeutralInsult or humiliation, as in 「侮辱罪」; stresses injury to a person's dignity, not necessarily lies.
- Related悪態あくたいNeutralDeliberately offensive words meant to make someone angry, as in 「悪態をつく」; stresses coarseness.
- Related罵るののしるNeutralVerb for cursing someone out with foul language, to their face or behind their back; stresses the ugly wording, not necessarily reputation.
- RelatedけなすCasualColloquial verb for running something down and picking faults; stresses dismissing works or ability.
- Related雑言ぞうごんWrittenWritten term for all sorts of abusive language; usually appears in 「悪口雑言」, rarely alone.
- Related罵倒ばとうNeutralRuthless, merciless berating, face to face, in writing, or online, as in 「罵倒される」; stresses how fierce the abuse is.
- Related冷罵れいばWrittenWritten term for cold, sneering abuse; stresses icy mockery.
- Related痛罵つうばWrittenWritten term for a scathing denunciation; stresses the violent wording.
- Related嘲罵ちょうばWrittenWritten and less common term for mocking, insulting abuse; stresses ridicule rather than making up falsehoods.
- Related悪たれ口あくたれぐちCasualColloquial term for vicious, nasty remarks; stresses insolent speech.
- Related悪言あくげんWrittenWritten and less common word for nasty remarks; it does not stress damaging someone's reputation.
- Related悪口雑言あっこうぞうごんNeutralFour-character phrase for heaping every kind of abuse on someone; stresses the sheer amount of insults.
- Related憎まれ口にくまれぐちNeutralSpiteful, cheeky remarks that invite hatred; stresses a sharp tongue that makes people dislike you.
- Related毒づくどくづくCasualColloquial verb for cursing viciously; can also mean muttering curses alone in anger, and is more emotional than 「誹謗」.
- Related腐すくさすCasualColloquial verb for picking faults and putting things down, as in 「作品を腐す」; close in meaning to 「貶す」.
- Related侮言ぶげんWrittenWritten and rare word for insulting language; stresses looking down on the other person.
- Antonym賞賛しょうさんNeutralPraise or admiration; the opposite of 「誹謗」, which defames people.
Use 「誹謗」 for maliciously speaking ill of someone and damaging their reputation; it leans written and formal, and often appears in 「誹謗中傷」. In everyday speech say 「悪口」; for merciless berating use 「罵倒」, for putting someone down 「貶す」, and for unfounded attacks on someone's name 「中傷」. The antonym is 「賞賛」.
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only


