届ける・屆ける|とどけるtodokeru[3]nakadaka (mid-high)

JLPT N4approx.Common
Which spelling to use
届ける届ける is the most common and standard written form. It is the form learners should normally choose when writing this word.
屆ける屆ける is a less common written variant that uses an outdated kanji. Beginners should use 届ける instead.
Definitions
  1. ichidan verb, transitive verbto deliver; to forward; to send
    家いえに届とどけていただけますか。↗
    Can you deliver it to my house?
  2. ichidan verb, transitive verbto report; to notify; to file notice (to the authorities); to give notice; to register
    私は車くるまが盗ぬすまれたことを警察けいさつに届とどけた。↗
    I reported the theft of my car to the police.
Conjugation
Dictionary form届ける(とどける)
Polite (masu)届けます(とどけます)
Negative (nai)届けない(とどけない)
polite (masen)届けません(とどけません)
classical zu / nu届けず・届けぬ(とどけず・とどけぬ)
Past (ta)届けた(とどけた)
polite (mashita)届けました(とどけました)
Past negative (nakatta)届けなかった(とどけなかった)
polite (masen deshita)届けませんでした(とどけませんでした)
Te form届けて(とどけて)
Potential届けられる(とどけられる)
Passive届けられる(とどけられる)
Causative届けさせる(とどけさせる)
Causative passive届けさせられる(とどけさせられる)
Conditional (ba)届ければ(とどければ)
tara届けたら(とどけたら)
Volitional届けよう(とどけよう)
polite (mashou)届けましょう(とどけましょう)
Imperative届けろ(とどけろ)

Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.

Transitive / intransitive pair
transitive届けるとどける⇄intransitive届くとどく
手紙てがみを届とどける
届く describes something arriving or reaching its destination without specifying an agent (手紙が届く 'the letter arrives'), while 届ける focuses on a person actively delivering something (手紙を届ける 'deliver the letter').

Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only

Synonyms & antonyms
  • Synonym送り届けるおくりとどけるNeutralTakes a person or thing all the way to the destination, as in 「家まで送り届ける」; stresses delivering to the very end more than 「届ける」.
  • Synonym送るおくるNeutralMeans sending something off or away, as in 「荷物を送る」; the emphasis is on dispatching it, while 「届ける」 stresses it reaching the recipient's hands.
  • Synonym送付そうふWrittenWritten/formal prose for sending items or documents, as in 「資料を送付する」; frequent in business contexts, whereas 「届ける」 stresses handing it to the recipient.
  • Synonym配達はいたつNeutralDelivery to a designated address or recipient, as in 「新聞配達」; 「届ける」 can also mean taking something there in person.
  • Synonym配送はいそうNeutralLogistics delivery, as in 「配送料」; stresses goods being shipped out from a warehouse and delivered.
  • Synonym送達そうたつFormalFormal term for the delivery of documents, as in 「書類の送達」; used mostly for court and other legal papers.
  • Related郵送ゆうそうNeutralSending via the post office, as in 「書類を郵送する」; highlights the channel used rather than the act of handing it over.
  • Related送り込むおくりこむNeutralSends people or things into a place, as in 「選手を送り込む」; the nuance is dispatching them in, not handing something over.
  • Related発送はっそうWrittenWritten/formal prose for shipping goods out, as in 「商品を発送する」; the focus is on the sender's end of the journey.
  • Related送り出すおくりだすNeutralSends someone or something out, such as seeing a guest off or sending graduates into society, as in 「卒業生を送り出す」; the focus is on the departure, not the arrival.
  • Related送りつけるおくりつけるCasualColloquial for sending something unsolicited, as in 「商品を勝手に送りつける」; the receiver never asked for it.
  • RelatedよこすCasualColloquial for sending something over to the speaker's side, as in 「手紙を寄越す」; the direction is toward the speaker.
  • Related移送いそうFormalFormal: moves a person or goods from one place to another, as in 「患者の移送」, or hands a case to another authority; 「届ける」 is handing something to the recipient.
  • Related搬送はんそうFormalFormal: transports goods or people, including taking a patient to hospital, as in 「病院へ搬送する」; about conveyance, not delivery into someone's hands.
  • Related送致そうちFormalFormal legal term: the police send case papers or a suspect to the prosecutors, as in 「書類送致」; far narrower than 「届ける」.
  • Related送出そうしゅつWrittenWritten/formal prose for sending out signals or goods, as in 「送出量」; uncommon in everyday speech.
  • Antonym受け取るうけとるNeutralThe antonym: to receive what someone sends or hands over, as in 「荷物を受け取る」; 「届ける」 is the sender's side of that exchange.

For getting something into the other party's hands, 「届ける」 is the default. Use 「送る」 for sending it off, 「送り届ける」 for seeing it all the way there, 「郵送」 for mailing, 「配達」 for delivery to an address, 「発送」 for shipping goods, and 「送付」 for business documents. 「移送」「搬送」 are formal words for transferring or transporting people or goods, 「送達」「送致」 are legal terms, 「送りつける」「寄越す」 are colloquial, and 「受け取る」 is the receiving side.

Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only

Japanese definitions
  1. 先方せんぽうまで物ものを持もっていって渡わたす。
  2. 一身上いっしんじょうの異変いへんなどを、役所やくしょ・会社かいしゃ・学校がっこうなどに申し出もうしでる。届とどけを出だす。
  3. 情報じょうほうやしらせ、伝言でんごんなどを人ひとに伝つたえる。
  4. 気持きもちや思おもいを伝つたえる。
  5. 最後さいごまでやり遂とげる。
Kanji in this word
English equivalents

JLPT vocabulary levels are community estimates, not official (no official lists have been published since the 2010 revision).

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