霜|しもshimo[2]odaka (tail-high)

1. nounfrost
   今朝けさ、地面じめんは霜しもで覆おおわれていた。↗

   The ground was covered with frost this morning.
2. nounwhite hair; grey hair; gray hair

• SynonymフロストNeutralNeutral loanword for frost or a freeze, used mostly in product names and as a weather term. In everyday speech, say 「霜」.
• Related霧氷むひょうWrittenWritten/formal prose. Rime or hoarfrost — an ice layer formed when water vapour or supercooled droplets freeze onto trees and other surfaces; unlike ordinary 「霜」.
• Related降霜こうそうWrittenWritten/formal prose. The phenomenon of frost forming or falling; seen mostly in meteorological and agricultural writing. In everyday speech, say 「霜が降りる」.
• Related秋霜しゅうそうWrittenWritten/formal prose with a literary flavour. Autumn frost; by extension it can also mean harshness or white hair, as in 「秋霜烈日」.
• Related白霜WrittenWritten/formal prose. White frost; found mostly in poetry and literary writing. In everyday speech, just say 「霜」.

Use 「霜」 for the frost that forms on the ground and other surfaces. For the ice on trees say 「霧氷」, and for frost as a weather phenomenon 「降霜」. 「秋霜」 and 「白霜」 are literary, while 「フロスト」 appears in product names and technical contexts.

Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only

1. 物体ぶったいの表面ひょうめんが冷ひやされ、空気くうき中ちゅうの水蒸気すいじょうきが凝結ぎょうけつし、氷こおりの結晶けっしょうとして堆積たいせきしたもの。なお、地面じめんの露ろが凍こごえたもので、踏ふむとさくさく鳴なるものを霜柱しもばしらというが、現象げんしょうとしては別べつのものである。
2. 霜しものように冷つめたく厳きびしい。
3. 年月としつき。