反する|はんするhansuru[3]nakadaka (mid-high)
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Definitions
- suru verb (irregular), intransitive verbto be contrary (to); to go against; to run counter (to); to contradict; to be opposite (to)
- suru verb (irregular), intransitive verbto infringe; to violate; to transgress
- suru verb (irregular), intransitive verbto disobey (an order, teachings, etc.); to defy; to rebel; to revoltalso written as 叛する
Conjugation
| Dictionary form | 反する（はんする） |
|---|---|
| Polite (masu) | 反します（はんします） |
| Negative (nai) | 反しない（はんしない） |
| polite (masen) | 反しません（はんしません） |
| classical zu / nu | 反せず・反せぬ（はんせず・はんせぬ） |
| Past (ta) | 反した（はんした） |
| polite (mashita) | 反しました（はんしました） |
| Past negative (nakatta) | 反しなかった（はんしなかった） |
| polite (masen deshita) | 反しませんでした（はんしませんでした） |
| Te form | 反して（はんして） |
| Potential | 反できる（はんできる） |
| Passive | 反される（はんされる） |
| Causative | 反させる（はんさせる） |
| Causative passive | 反させられる（はんさせられる） |
| Conditional (ba) | 反すれば（はんすれば） |
| tara | 反したら（はんしたら） |
| Volitional | 反しよう（はんしよう） |
| polite (mashou) | 反しましょう（はんしましょう） |
| Imperative | 反しろ（はんしろ） |
Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.
Synonyms & antonyms
- Synonym楯突くたてつくNeutralTalking back to or defying a superior, with a nuance of insubordination. 「反する」 focuses on going against rules.
- Synonym歯向かうはむかうNeutralTo strike back at or rise up against someone stronger. 「反する」 centers on being contrary to rules or expectations.
- Synonym反抗はんこうNeutralNoun for rebellion and defiance, as in 「反抗期」. 「反する」 centers on violating rules or norms.
- Synonym反逆はんぎゃくWrittenWritten word for treason or rebellion, as in 「反逆者」. 「反する」 centers on going against rules or facts.
- Synonym背くそむくNeutralTo betray or go against commands and hopes, as in 「期待に背く」. Close in sense to 「反する」.
- Synonym謀反むほんWrittenWritten, historical word for rising in revolt against a ruler. 「反する」 centers on violating rules.
- Synonym逆らうさからうNeutralTo defy or go against, as in 「流れに逆らう」. 「反する」 centers on being contrary to rules.
- Synonym抗うあらがうWrittenWritten/formal prose with a literary flavor: to defy or resist. 「反する」 centers on breaking rules or contradicting facts and expectations.
- Related立ち向かうたちむかうNeutralTo bravely confront or stand up to difficulties. 「反する」 centers on going against rules or facts.
- Related抵抗ていこうNeutralNoun for resistance, physical or a feeling of reluctance. 「反する」 centers on violating rules.
- Related争うあらそうWrittenSame word as 「抗う」 (あらがう): to resist without submitting; written in tone. 「反する」 centers on breaking rules.
- Related戦うたたかうNeutralTo fight or do battle. 「反する」 centers on violating rules or contradicting facts.
- Related違反いはんNeutralNoun for breaking rules or laws, as in 「交通違反」. 「反する」 is a verb.
- Related反対はんたいNeutralOpposition or being the opposite of something. 「反する」 centers on defying rules or contradicting expectations.
- Related対抗たいこうNeutralRivalry or pitting oneself against an opponent, as in 「対抗戦」. 「反する」 centers on going against rules.
- Related闘争とうそうNeutralStruggle or conflict, including labor disputes. 「反する」 centers on violating rules.
- Related敵対てきたいNeutralHostility: treating someone as an enemy. 「反する」 centers on being contrary to rules or expectations.
- Related破るやぶるNeutralTo break a promise or a record. 「反する」 centers on going against rules or facts.
- Related犯すおかすNeutralTo commit a crime or infringe a rule. 「反する」 centers on being contrary or contradictory.
- Related挑むいどむNeutralTo challenge someone or take on a difficult task. 「反する」 centers on going against rules or expectations.
- Related手向かうてむかうNeutralTo physically resist, or to defy someone's orders. 「反する」 centers on breaking rules or contradicting expectations.
- Related抗するこうするWrittenWritten and rare: to resist or defy. 「反する」 centers on going against rules or expectations.
- Related抗拒こうきょWrittenWritten and rare: to resist or refuse. 「反する」 centers on defying rules or contradicting facts.
- Antonym従うしたがうNeutralAntonym: to obey and follow rules or orders, the opposite of defying with 「反する」.
- Antonym服するふくするWrittenWritten antonym: to obey or submit to orders, the opposite of 「反する」.
For breaking rules or contradicting facts and expectations, use 「反する」, as in 「規則に反する」「予想に反して」. For defying orders use 「背く」, for defying a person use 「逆らう」, for rule-breaking as a noun use 「違反」, for rebellion use 「反抗」, and for obeying use 「従う」.
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only
Japanese definitions
Kanji in this word
English equivalents
See also
