混乱|こんらんkonran[0]heiban (flat)

1. noun, suru verb, intransitive verbdisorder; chaos; confusion; mayhem
   国会こっかいは混乱こんらんのうちに散会さんかいした。↗

   The Diet broke up in confusion.

• Synonym混迷こんめいWrittenWritten/formal prose. Describes a situation too tangled to see where it is heading, as in 「混迷する政局」; the point is an unclear outlook, not disorder itself.
• Synonym錯乱さくらんWrittenWritten/formal prose. Refers to deranged or clouded consciousness, as in 「精神錯乱」; mostly about the mind, while 「混乱」 also covers disorder in society.
• Synonym紛糾ふんきゅうWrittenWritten/formal prose. Discussion or affairs getting tangled and hard to sort out, as in 「会議が紛糾する」; typical of meetings and negotiations.
• SynonymゴタゴタCasualColloquial. Covers quarrels and messy entanglements, as in 「家庭のゴタゴタ」; typically personal or interpersonal trouble rather than disorder in general.
• Related波乱はらんWrittenWritten/formal prose. Means upheavals and twists, as in 「波乱万丈」; stresses ups and downs, while 「混乱」 stresses disorder.
• Related崩壊ほうかいNeutralNeutral. Means collapse or breakdown, as in 「学級崩壊」; more severe than 「混乱」, stressing a total loss of function.
• Related騒動そうどうNeutralNeutral. An uproar or disturbance caused by many people kicking up a fuss, as in 「お家騒動」; stresses the commotion, while 「混乱」 is the state of disorder.
• Related暴動ぼうどうNeutralNeutral. A violent outbreak by a crowd, as in 「暴動が起きる」; carries a strong sense of violence, which 「混乱」 does not imply.
• Related激動げきどうWrittenWritten/formal prose. Refers to violent change in the situation, as in 「激動の時代」; the stress is on drastic change, not necessarily on disorder.
• Related動揺どうようNeutralNeutral. Unsettled or wavering states, as in 「心の動揺」; mostly psychological, while 「混乱」 applies to situations and muddled minds.
• Related大騒ぎおおさわぎCasualColloquial. A big noisy fuss, as in 「大騒ぎになる」; stresses the clamour, while 「混乱」 stresses the disorder.
• Related騒乱そうらんWrittenWritten/formal prose. A disturbance that disrupts public order, as in 「騒乱罪」; common in legal and news contexts.
• Related動乱どうらんWrittenWritten/formal prose. Social upheaval or wartime unrest, as in 「動乱の時代」; implies large-scale turmoil such as riots or war.
• Related不穏ふおんNeutralNeutral. Describes an uneasy atmosphere or situation that looks about to erupt, as in 「不穏な動き」; 「混乱」 is disorder that has already set in.
• Related散乱さんらんNeutralNeutral. Things lying scattered about, as in 「書類が散乱する」; its object is physical items, while 「混乱」 concerns order and minds.
• Related混濁こんだくWrittenWritten/formal prose. Murky liquids or clouded consciousness, as in 「意識が混濁する」; frequent in medical description.
• Related狼狽ろうばいWrittenWritten/formal prose. Panic and consternation, as in 「狼狽する」; stresses the flustered manner, while 「混乱」 stresses the tangled state.
• Related紛擾ふんじょうWrittenRare written/formal prose for disputes and disturbance; in everyday speech use 「もめごと」 or 「混乱」.
• Related擾乱じょうらんWrittenRare written/formal prose meaning disruption; in meteorology, atmospheric disturbance. Not used in everyday speech.
• Antonym整然せいぜんWrittenWritten/formal prose. Neatly and systematically arranged, as in 「整然と並ぶ」; the direct opposite of 「混乱」's tangled state.
• Antonym秩序ちつじょNeutralNeutral. Normal order, as in 「秩序を保つ」; the direct opposite of 「混乱」.

Use 「混乱」 for order or a mind thrown into disarray. For a murky situation, 「混迷」; for a noisy uproar, 「騒動」; for violent crowd unrest, 「暴動」; for a tangled meeting, 「紛糾」; for an unsettled mind, 「動揺」. 「崩壊」 is a more severe collapse; 「散乱」 scattered objects; 「混濁」 murky liquids or clouded consciousness; 「狼狽」 panic; 「不穏」 trouble brewing; 「波乱」「激動」 stress turbulence and drastic change; 「錯乱」 derangement. Written prose favours 「混迷」「騒乱」「動乱」; colloquially use 「ゴタゴタ」 or 「大騒ぎ」; 「紛擾」「擾乱」 are rare literary words. Opposites: 「整然」「秩序」.

Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only

1. 入り乱いりみだれること。整然せいぜんとしていないこと。
2. 秩序ちつじょが乱みだれ騒動そうどうになっていること。人ひとがもみあうこと。
3. あやふやな説明せつめいなどにより理解りかいに困惑こんわくを感かんじること。
4. 精神的せいしんてきに動揺どうようすること。興奮こうふんして精神せいしんに異常いじょうが見みられること。