欠損|けっそんkesson[0]heiban (flat)
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Definitions
- noun, suru verb, intransitive verbdeficit; shortage; loss
- noun, suru verb, intransitive verbbeing partially broken; being partially missing; being partially removed
Conjugation
| Dictionary form | 欠損する（けっそんする） |
|---|---|
| Polite (masu) | 欠損します（けっそんします） |
| Negative (nai) | 欠損しない（けっそんしない） |
| polite (masen) | 欠損しません（けっそんしません） |
| classical zu / nu | 欠損せず・欠損せぬ（けっそんせず・けっそんせぬ） |
| Past (ta) | 欠損した（けっそんした） |
| polite (mashita) | 欠損しました（けっそんしました） |
| Past negative (nakatta) | 欠損しなかった（けっそんしなかった） |
| polite (masen deshita) | 欠損しませんでした（けっそんしませんでした） |
| Te form | 欠損して（けっそんして） |
| Potential | 欠損できる（けっそんできる） |
| Passive | 欠損される（けっそんされる） |
| Causative | 欠損させる（けっそんさせる） |
| Causative passive | 欠損させられる（けっそんさせられる） |
| Conditional (ba) | 欠損すれば（けっそんすれば） |
| tara | 欠損したら（けっそんしたら） |
| Volitional | 欠損しよう（けっそんしよう） |
| polite (mashou) | 欠損しましょう（けっそんしましょう） |
| Imperative | 欠損しろ（けっそんしろ） |
Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.
Synonyms & antonyms
- Synonym損失そんしつWrittenWritten. The broad word for losing money, assets or profit; 「欠損」 is narrower, covering deficits in business or parts broken off or missing.
- Synonym損そんNeutralNeutral and very common in speech: being worse off, losing out, a bad bargain. 「欠損」 is more written, for deficits or damage to an object.
- SynonymマイナスCasualColloquial loanword for negative numbers, deficits and drawbacks; it covers the red-ink side of 「欠損」 but not missing parts of objects or the body.
- SynonymロスCasualColloquial loanword for waste and needless loss, as in 「時間のロス」; it stresses something lost for nothing, while 「欠損」 is a deficit or missing part.
- RelatedロスCasualColloquial loanword for waste and needless loss, as in 「時間のロス」; it stresses something lost for nothing, while 「欠損」 is a deficit or missing part.
- Related欠陥けっかんWrittenWritten. An element that should be there is absent, as in 「欠陥住宅」; 「欠損」 focuses on a portion being broken off or missing.
- Related欠点けってんNeutralNeutral. Shortcomings or weak points of people or things; it never refers to financial deficits, which 「欠損」 can.
- Related不備ふびWrittenWritten. Lapses or omissions in preparations or procedures; it points to what is incomplete, not to deficits or missing parts.
- Related不具合ふぐあいNeutralNeutral. Malfunctions and glitches, typically of machines or products; the problem is poor operation, not a deficit or a broken-off part.
- Related差損さそんWrittenWritten accounting and business term for a loss made by selling below the purchase price; much narrower than 「欠損」.
- Related失しつWrittenWritten single character for loss or fault, found mostly in compounds like 「得失」 and less often on its own, whereas 「欠損」 is a full word in its own right.
- Antonym完全かんぜんWrittenWritten antonym: complete and whole, with nothing missing — the direct opposite of the partial damage or loss that 「欠損」 describes.
- Antonym充足じゅうそくWrittenWritten antonym: being fully supplied or satisfied; it stands opposite the deficit side of 「欠損」.
Use 「欠損」 for business deficits (「欠損金」) or a part of the body or an object being missing (「歯の欠損」). For losses in general say 「損失」, or 「損」 in everyday speech; 「マイナス」 and 「ロス」 are colloquial loanwords. Missing essential elements take 「欠陥」, shortcomings 「欠点」, procedural gaps 「不備」, machine glitches 「不具合」, trading losses 「差損」. Antonyms: 「完全」, 「充足」.
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only
Japanese definitions
Kanji in this word
English equivalents
See also
