眠る・睡る|ねむるnemuru[0]heiban (flat)
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- godan verb, intransitive verbto sleep
- godan verb, intransitive verbto die; to rest (in peace); to lie (buried); to sleep (in the grave)
- godan verb, intransitive verbto lie idle (e.g. of resources); to lie unused; to lie untapped; to lie untouched
- godan verb, intransitive verbto close one's eyes
Conjugation
| Dictionary form | 眠る(ねむる) |
|---|---|
| Polite (masu) | 眠ります(ねむります) |
| Negative (nai) | 眠らない(ねむらない) |
| polite (masen) | 眠りません(ねむりません) |
| classical zu / nu | 眠らず・眠らぬ(ねむらず・ねむらぬ) |
| Past (ta) | 眠った(ねむった) |
| polite (mashita) | 眠りました(ねむりました) |
| Past negative (nakatta) | 眠らなかった(ねむらなかった) |
| polite (masen deshita) | 眠りませんでした(ねむりませんでした) |
| Te form | 眠って(ねむって) |
| Potential | 眠れる(ねむれる) |
| Passive | 眠られる(ねむられる) |
| Causative | 眠らせる(ねむらせる) |
| Causative passive | 眠らせられる・眠らされる(ねむらせられる・ねむらされる) |
| Conditional (ba) | 眠れば(ねむれば) |
| tara | 眠ったら(ねむったら) |
| Volitional | 眠ろう(ねむろう) |
| polite (mashou) | 眠りましょう(ねむりましょう) |
| Imperative | 眠れ(ねむれ) |
Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.
- Synonym寝るねるNeutralCovers going to bed or lying down, as in 「早く寝る」; it stresses the act of going to bed, while 「眠る」 stresses being asleep, as in 「八時間眠る」.
- Synonym就眠しゅうみんWrittenA written word for falling asleep or going to bed, as in 「就眠時間」; found mostly in medical or regulatory contexts, not used in everyday speech.
- Antonym起きるおきるNeutralThe opposite of 「眠る」: to wake up or get up, as in 「朝六時に起きる」.
- Antonym覚醒するWrittenThe written opposite of 「眠る」: to wake from sleep or anesthesia, as in 「麻酔から覚醒する」.
For sleeping, 「眠る」 is the default choice. Use 「寝る」 for going to bed, 「就眠」 as the written word for falling asleep, and 「起きる」 or written 「覚醒する」 for waking up.
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only


