贈与|ぞうよzouyo[1]atamadaka (head-high)
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Definitions
- noun, suru verb, transitive verbdonation; presentation
Conjugation
| Dictionary form | 贈与する（ぞうよする） |
|---|---|
| Polite (masu) | 贈与します（ぞうよします） |
| Negative (nai) | 贈与しない（ぞうよしない） |
| polite (masen) | 贈与しません（ぞうよしません） |
| classical zu / nu | 贈与せず・贈与せぬ（ぞうよせず・ぞうよせぬ） |
| Past (ta) | 贈与した（ぞうよした） |
| polite (mashita) | 贈与しました（ぞうよしました） |
| Past negative (nakatta) | 贈与しなかった（ぞうよしなかった） |
| polite (masen deshita) | 贈与しませんでした（ぞうよしませんでした） |
| Te form | 贈与して（ぞうよして） |
| Potential | 贈与できる（ぞうよできる） |
| Passive | 贈与される（ぞうよされる） |
| Causative | 贈与させる（ぞうよさせる） |
| Causative passive | 贈与させられる（ぞうよさせられる） |
| Conditional (ba) | 贈与すれば（ぞうよすれば） |
| tara | 贈与したら（ぞうよしたら） |
| Volitional | 贈与しよう（ぞうよしよう） |
| polite (mashou) | 贈与しましょう（ぞうよしましょう） |
| Imperative | 贈与しろ（ぞうよしろ） |
Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.
Synonyms & antonyms
- Synonym差し上げるさしあげるNeutralNeutral verb: the humble form of 「あげる」, everyday keigo for giving to someone you wish to treat with respect; 贈与 is a noun seen mostly in legal and tax contexts.
- Synonym贈呈ぞうていWrittenWritten term for the formal, ceremonial presentation of mementos or prizes, as in 「記念品贈呈」; 贈与 stresses gratuitous transfer of property.
- Synonym贈るおくるNeutralNeutral everyday verb for giving a gift, as in 「花を贈る」; 贈与 is the more explicitly legal term.
- Synonym与えるあたえるNeutralNeutral verb with the broadest range: giving in general, also causing effects as in 「影響を与える」; 贈与 covers only gratuitous giving of property.
- Synonym進呈しんていWrittenWritten term common in commercial promotions, as in 「粗品進呈」, with a deferential tone; 贈与 carries no honorific coloring.
- Synonym授けるさずけるWrittenWritten verb for granting or imparting from a superior — heaven or a teacher — as in 「知恵を授ける」; 贈与 makes no status distinction.
- SynonymプレゼントCasualColloquial loanword for a gift or gift-giving in daily speech, focusing on the item itself; 贈与 is legal and tax jargon.
- SynonymくれるCasualColloquial verb for someone giving to me or my side, marking the direction toward the speaker; 贈与 does not mark direction.
- Synonym寄贈きぞうWrittenWritten term for donating items, typically to libraries or schools, as in 「図書を寄贈」; 贈与 stresses legal transfer of property.
- SynonymあげるNeutralNeutral everyday verb for giving, more casual than 「差し上げる」; 贈与 is a written legal term.
- Synonym捧げるささげるNeutralNeutral verb for dedicating or offering — devoting oneself or making offerings to the gods, as in 「一生を捧げる」; 贈与 is giving property.
- SynonymやるCasualColloquial, rather rough verb for giving to juniors, animals or plants, as in 「花に水をやる」; 贈与 is a formal legal term.
- Synonym恵むめぐむNeutralNeutral verb for giving out of pity — charity — or for gods granting blessings; 贈与 carries no nuance of compassion.
- Synonym奉呈ほうていWrittenWritten term for respectfully presenting to the high-born — imperial household, state letters; extremely deferential, while 贈与 has no honorific sense.
- Synonym恵与けいよWrittenWritten term for bestowing, also an honorific for what someone has given you; rare even in writing, while 贈与 is a neutral legal term.
- Synonym進上しんじょうWrittenWritten term for offering something upward, now old-fashioned and little used; say 「進呈」 or 「差し上げる」 in daily speech.
- Synonym奉ずるほうずるWrittenWritten, archaic verb for dedicating, also obeying or serving; 贈与 refers only to giving property.
- Synonym進ぜるしんぜるWrittenWritten, archaic keigo for presenting something or doing service for someone; rare today — say 「差し上げる」 instead.
- Synonym進ずるしんずるWrittenWritten, archaic verb for presenting or doing something for someone; rare today — say 「あげる」 instead.
- Related付与ふよWrittenWritten term for conferring rights, qualifications or shares from above, as in 「権限を付与する」; 贈与 centers on gratuitous transfer of property.
- Related供与きょうよWrittenWritten term for supplying funds, technology or benefits, as in 「資金供与」「利益供与」; 贈与 means gratuitous giving of property.
- RelatedよこすCasualColloquial verb for sending or handing something over to me, focusing on the other side's sending; 贈与 is not limited by direction.
- Related交付こうふWrittenWritten term for officials issuing documents or disbursing funds by set procedure, as in 「交付金」; 贈与 requires no administrative procedure.
- Related授与じゅよWrittenWritten term for awarding prizes or degrees with a ceremonial air, as in 「学位授与」; 贈与 focuses on transfer of property.
- RelatedつかわすWrittenWritten, old-fashioned verb for dispatching or bestowing from a superior; 贈与 makes no status distinction.
- Antonym収受しゅうじゅWrittenWritten antonym: receiving or accepting, often 「金品の収受」, frequently implying improper acceptance — the opposite of giving.
「贈与」 is the legal and tax term for gratuitously giving property, as in 「贈与税」「生前贈与」. In daily life say 「贈る」 or 「プレゼント」; for ceremonial presentations 「贈呈」, for donations to libraries or schools 「寄贈」, and as everyday polite keigo 「差し上げる」. Others cover specific angles: 「付与」 granting rights, 「供与」 supplying funds, 「授与」 awards, 「交付」 official issuance, 「進呈」 promotional giveaways, 「奉呈」 deferential offering. 「収受」 is the opposite — receiving.
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only
Japanese definitions
Kanji in this word
English equivalents
See also
