散らす|ちらすchirasu[0]heiban (flat)
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Definitions
- godan verb, transitive verbto scatter; to cause a shower of
- godan verb, transitive verbto disperse; to distribute; to spread
- godan verb, transitive verbto resolve (a symptom, condition, etc.); to relieve; to get rid of; to cure
- godan verb, transitive verbto distract; to divertas 気を散らす, etc.
- suffix, godan verbto do ... wildly (i.e. disorderly or frequently); to do ... all over the placeafter the -masu stem of a verb
Conjugation
| Dictionary form | 散らす（ちらす） |
|---|---|
| Polite (masu) | 散らします（ちらします） |
| Negative (nai) | 散らさない（ちらさない） |
| polite (masen) | 散らしません（ちらしません） |
| classical zu / nu | 散らさず・散らさぬ（ちらさず・ちらさぬ） |
| Past (ta) | 散らした（ちらした） |
| polite (mashita) | 散らしました（ちらしました） |
| Past negative (nakatta) | 散らさなかった（ちらさなかった） |
| polite (masen deshita) | 散らしませんでした（ちらしませんでした） |
| Te form | 散らして（ちらして） |
| Potential | 散らせる（ちらせる） |
| Passive | 散らされる（ちらされる） |
| Causative | 散らさせる（ちらさせる） |
| Causative passive | 散らさせられる（ちらさせられる） |
| Conditional (ba) | 散らせば（ちらせば） |
| tara | 散らしたら（ちらしたら） |
| Volitional | 散らそう（ちらそう） |
| polite (mashou) | 散らしましょう（ちらしましょう） |
| Imperative | 散らせ（ちらせ） |
Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.
Transitive / intransitive pair
花を散らす
散る is intransitive and emphasizes the event or resulting state, as in 桜が散る; 散らす is transitive and foregrounds the agent acting on something, as in 花を散らす.
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only
Synonyms & antonyms
- SynonymまくNeutralSprinkles or splashes something, as in 「水を撒く」, and can also mean shaking off a pursuer; 「散らす」 focuses on making things disperse.
- Synonym撒き散らすまきちらすNeutralScatters things all over the place, often with a negative nuance, as in 「悪口を撒き散らす」; 「散らす」 is more neutral.
- Synonym振りまくふりまくNeutralSprinkles or flings things about, and figuratively spreads smiles or charm, as in 「愛嬌を振りまく」; 「散らす」 is broader.
- Related追い散らすおいちらすNeutralDrives a gathered crowd or animals apart by chasing them; 「散らす」 is more general.
- Related散じるさんじるWrittenWritten/formal prose. Intransitive: to disperse or leave; transitive: to spend money or dispel worries. 「散らす」 is the transitive that makes things scatter.
- Related散ずるさんずるWrittenWritten/formal prose; an alternative form of 「散じる」 meaning to disperse, dissipate or squander. 「散らす」 is the transitive that makes things scatter.
- Antonym集めるあつめるNeutralAntonym on the gather–scatter axis: brings things or people together, the opposite of scattering them with 「散らす」.
- AntonymまとめるNeutralAntonym on the gather–scatter axis: gathers separate things into one or consolidates them, the opposite of 「散らす」.
- Antonym整えるととのえるNeutralAntonym on the disorder–order axis: puts things neatly in order, the opposite of the mess that 「散らす」 creates.
Use 「散らす」 to make things scatter, fall or disperse. For scattering things messily all around, often negatively, use 「撒き散らす」; for sprinkling water use 「撒く」; for spreading smiles or charm use 「振りまく」. 「散じる」 and 「散ずる」 are written/formal; the opposites are 「集める」 and 「纏める」.
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only
Japanese definitions
Kanji in this word
English equivalents
See also
