過失|かしつkashitsu[0]heiban (flat)

1. nounaccident (caused by negligence); error; blunder
   私は彼かれの過失かしつを指摘してきしている。↗

   I'm pointing a finger at his mistake.
2. nounfault; defect

• Synonym落ち度おちどNeutralA blamable lapse, with the focus on who is at fault, as in 「こちらに落ち度はない」. 「過失」 centers on carelessness causing an error and is also a legal term.
• Synonym過ちあやまちNeutralA fault or lapse, often with moral overtones, as in 「若気の過ち」. 「過失」 stresses carelessness leading to error or damage.
• Synonym間違いまちがいNeutralThe most general word for a mistake, as in 「計算の間違い」; it does not stress responsibility. 「過失」 emphasizes damage caused by negligence.
• Synonym過誤かごWrittenWritten/formal prose for errors in general, as in 「医療過誤」 or 「判断の過誤」. 「過失」 puts more weight on negligence as the cause.
• Synonym手落ちておちNeutralA slip in handling something—failing to do what should have been done—as in 「こちらの手落ちでした」, often in apologies. 「過失」 leans legal and formal.
• Synonym失策しっさくWrittenA blunder in planning or handling a situation, as in 「重大な失策」; also a fielding error in baseball. 「過失」 stresses negligence, not poor planning.
• Synonym錯誤さくごWrittenA mismatch between belief and fact, seen in 「時代錯誤」 and 「試行錯誤」; in law, intent not matching one's declared act. 「過失」 means carelessness.
• Synonym抜け目ぬけめNeutralMostly in 「抜け目がない」, describing a shrewd person who leaves no opening. For negligence itself, use 「過失」.
• SynonymミスNeutralLoanword for a slip, as in 「ケアレスミス」; the everyday default. Lighter in tone than 「過失」, and the word itself lacks its legal ring.
• SynonymエラーNeutralLoanword for an error or malfunction, as in 「エラーが出る」; mainly computers and baseball. 「過失」 is a person's negligent fault.
• Synonym誤りあやまりWrittenAn error, as in 「誤りを正す」; somewhat written, mainly for text, judgments, calculations. 「過失」 stresses damage from carelessness.
• Synonym失敗しっぱいNeutralA failure or something not going well, as in 「試験に失敗する」; the focus is the outcome. 「過失」 focuses on negligence as the cause.
• Synonym非ひWrittenWrongdoing or fault, mostly in set phrases like 「非を認める」 and 「非の打ち所がない」. 「過失」 stands alone and is used broadly.
• Synonym失態しったいWrittenA blunder that costs face, as in 「失態を演じる」; the point is damaged dignity. 「過失」 centers on negligence and the harm it causes.
• Synonym過怠かたいWrittenArchaic written word for negligence, also a medieval penalty paid in money or labor; rare today. Use 「過失」 for negligence.
• Synonym誤謬ごびゅうWrittenWritten word for a fallacy, especially an error in reasoning or argument, mostly academic. 「過失」 is carelessness in conduct.
• SynonymミステイクCasualColloquial loanword for a mistake, usually shortened to 「ミス」; rarely used on its own. For legal or formal contexts, use 「過失」.
• Synonym手抜かりてぬかりNeutralAn oversight in preparation or handling, mostly as 「手抜かりがない」. Close to 「過失」 but never a legal term.
• Synonym仕損じしそんじNeutralA botched job or fumbled task; rare. Everyday speech uses 「失敗」; use 「過失」 when stressing damage from negligence.
• Synonym仕損ないしそこないNeutralSynonymous with 「仕損じ」—a botched attempt; rare. Everyday speech says 「失敗」, which lacks 「過失」's sense of responsibility.
• Synonym為落とししおとしWrittenFailing to do what should be done, often omitting entries in documents; rare and narrower than 「過失」. Say 「やり忘れ」 or 「記入漏れ」 daily.
• Synonym為落ちしおちWrittenAn omission of a required task and the resulting slip; rare. Everyday speech says 「やり忘れ」; for negligence in general, use 「過失」.
• Synonym疎漏そろうWrittenWritten word for careless omissions, as in 「疎漏のないよう」, mostly in formal documents. It stresses lack of thoroughness; unlike 「過失」 it is not a legal term.
• Synonym抜かりぬかりNeutralCarelessness, mostly in negative phrases like 「抜かりはない」. Use 「過失」 when negligence causing damage stands alone.
• SynonymポカCasualColloquial for a silly slip one would not normally make, originally a go or shogi term, as in 「ポカをする」. Very casual, far from 「過失」.
• SynonymそつNeutralMostly 「そつがない」, praising thorough, flawless work; can also mean waste. For a careless error itself, use 「過失」.
• SynonymしくじりCasualColloquial for a failure or botched job, with a casual tone. 「過失」 is more formal, focused on negligence and its damage.
• Antonym故意こいWrittenThe antonym: deliberately doing something while aware of the outcome, as in 「故意犯」. It opposes 「過失」's unintentional negligence; both are legal terms.

Use 「過失」 for a fault or accident caused by carelessness, as in 「過失致死」; it is also a legal term. For everyday mistakes say 「間違い」 or 「ミス」; for a blamable lapse in duty, 「落ち度」; for a moral fault, 「過ち」. The opposite is 「故意」.

Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only

1. 不注意ふちゅういからの失敗しっぱい。
2. ある損害そんがいや損失そんしつの原因げんいんとなる不注意ふちゅうい。
3. 注意ちゅういすれば認識にんしきできる事実じじつを、不注意ふちゅういにより認識にんしきしないこと。また、注意ちゅういすれば避さけられる損害そんがいや犯罪はんざい的てき結果けっかを、不注意ふちゅういにより回避かいひしないこと。