不良|ふりょうfuryou[0]heiban (flat)

1. no-adjective, na-adjectivebad; poor; inferior; defective
2. no-adjective, na-adjectivedelinquent; hoodlum; hooligan
   不良ふりょうたちは彼かれを殴り倒なぐりたおして財布さいふを奪うばった。↗

   The delinquents knocked him down and stole his wallet.

   彼かれは不良ふりょう仲間なかまとぐるになっていた。↗

   He fell into bad company.

• Synonym悪いわるいNeutralThe everyday word for 'bad'; covers far more than 「不良」, which is more written in feel and mostly appears in compounds like 「不良品」「消化不良」.
• Synonym粗悪そあくNeutralFor goods that are crudely made and low-quality; stresses shoddy workmanship, while 「不良」 broadly covers anything substandard or in poor condition.
• Synonym悪質あくしつNeutralSuggests malice or a nasty nature, as in 「悪質な詐欺」; 「不良」 is about poor quality or bad conduct rather than intent.
• Synonym劣悪れつあくWrittenA written/formal term for dreadful quality, conditions or surroundings, as in 「劣悪な環境」「劣悪な品質」; stronger than 「不良」.
• Synonym劣等れっとうWrittenA written/formal term for inferiority in rank or grade, as in 「劣等感」; 「不良」 is about being substandard or in poor condition.
• Synonym低級ていきゅうNeutralMeans low-grade or vulgar, judging taste and class; 「不良」 is about failing standards or bad conduct.
• Synonym低劣ていれつWrittenA written/formal term for poor quality or low taste, as in 「低劣な製品」「低劣な趣味」; more damning than 「不良」.
• Related拙劣せつれつWrittenA written/formal word for clumsy technique or a botched approach; 「不良」 judges quality or conduct, not skill.
• Related下手へたNeutralAbout lacking skill, being clumsy at something; 「不良」 is about poor quality or conduct, not ability.
• Related粗末そまつNeutralCovers things that are crude and shabby, or treating things carelessly as in 「物を粗末にする」; 「不良」 is about being substandard.
• Related散々さんざんNeutralDescribes a wretched, miserable time, as in 「散々な目に遭う」; 「不良」 evaluates quality or conduct instead.
• RelatedへたくそCasualColloquial and insulting: lousy, hopeless at something; 「不良」 is about being substandard, not unskilled.
• RelatedまずいNeutralFor food that tastes bad, or a situation turning sour; 「不良」 is about poor quality or conduct.
• Related邪よこしまWrittenA written/formal word for wickedness of heart, evil intent; 「不良」 targets outward misconduct.
• Related浅ましいあさましいWrittenA written/formal word for shameful, despicable character; 「不良」 points to misconduct or poor quality rather than a base nature.
• RelatedへぼCasualColloquial put-down for a clumsy person or poor-quality goods; 「不良」 is the more formal term.
• RelatedつたないWrittenA written/formal word for crude, unskilled work, often used humbly about one's own efforts; 「不良」 is about quality or conduct.
• RelatedこっぴどいCasualColloquial for something truly severe or harsh, as in 「こっぴどく叱る」; a different focus from 「不良」.
• RelatedチンケCasualSlang for something cheap, shabby and unimpressive; 「不良」 is about failing standards.
• Antonym良品りょうひんNeutralAntonym: a well-made, defect-free product — the counterpart of a defective 「不良品」.
• Antonym優良ゆうりょうNeutralAntonym: excellent, superior, as in 「優良企業」; the direct opposite of 「不良」.
• Antonym善良ぜんりょうNeutralAntonym for the conduct sense: good-natured and honest, the opposite of 「不良」 as in delinquency.

Use 「不良」 for things that fail standards or are in poor condition — 「不良品」「体調不良」 — and for delinquent youth, as in 「不良少年」. It leans written and mostly appears in compounds; in everyday speech say 「悪い」. For shoddy goods use 「粗悪」, for malice 「悪質」, for excellence 「優良」. Elsewhere: 「劣悪」「低劣」 are stronger written verdicts on quality; 「下手」「下手くそ」「へぼ」「拙い」「拙劣」 are about lack of skill; 「低級」「浅ましい」「邪」 judge taste or character; 「良品」「善良」 are its antonyms.

Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only

1. 質しつや状態じょうたいが良よくないさま。
2. (製造業せいぞうぎょう) 製品せいひんを出荷しゅっかあるいは正常せいじょう使用しようできなくなる問題もんだい。不具合ふぐあい。
3. 品行ひんこうが良よくないさま。
4. 不良ふりょう生徒せいとの略りゃく。品行ひんこうのよくない生徒せいと、若者わかもの。