特別|とくべつtokubetsu[0]heiban (flat)

JLPT N4approx.Common
Definitions
  1. na-adjective, no-adjective, adverbspecial; particular; extraordinary; exceptional; especial
    We have quoted special prices.
Conjugation
Plain form特別(とくべつ)
Polite (desu)特別です(とくべつです)
Negative (dewa nai)特別ではない(とくべつではない)
polite (dewa arimasen)特別ではありません(とくべつではありません)
Past (datta)特別だった(とくべつだった)
Past negative (dewa nakatta)特別ではなかった(とくべつではなかった)
Te form (de)特別で(とくべつで)
Adverbial (ni)特別に(とくべつに)
Conditional (nara)特別なら(とくべつなら)

Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.

Synonyms & antonyms
  • Synonym格別かくべつWrittenWritten; exceptional and set apart, often as praise, as in 「格別の味」; 「特別」 is more neutral.
  • SynonymとりわけWrittenWritten adverb; especially, singling one out from many; 「特別」 is an adjectival noun.
  • Synonym殊にことにWrittenWritten adverb; particularly, slightly refined, as in 「ことに今年は暑い」.
  • SynonymスペシャルCasualColloquial loanword; special, or a TV special, as in 「スペシャルメニュー」.
  • SynonymとびきりCasualColloquial; top-notch, the very best, as in 「とびきりの笑顔」, with a note of praise.
  • Synonym特にとくにNeutralAdverb, 'especially'; 「特別」 is an adjectival noun or noun.
  • Synonym中にもなかにもWrittenWritten; especially among many; today 「中でも」 is more common, and this sounds dated.
  • Synonym異例いれいWrittenWritten; rare and unusual, as in 「異例の人事」 and 「異例の暑さ」; 「特別」 broadly means differing from the norm.
  • Synonym特殊とくしゅNeutralSpecial in nature, as in 「特殊な技術」; about belonging to a different category.
  • SynonymひときわWrittenWritten adverb; strikingly, as in 「ひときわ目立つ」; about standing out.
  • SynonymわけてWrittenWritten; especially, all the more; uncommon today, often as 「わけても」.
  • SynonymなかんずくWrittenElegant, old-fashioned written word for 'above all, among many'; met in formal speeches and papers.
  • Synonym別してべっしてWrittenWritten; especially, with an old-fashioned tone; today people tend to say 「特に」.
  • Synonym立ててたててWrittenWritten adverb for especially; seldom used on its own today. In everyday speech use 「特別」 or 「特に」.
  • Related格段かくだんWrittenWritten; a marked gap, as in 「格段の進歩」; about the size of the difference.
  • Related並み外れなみはずれWrittenWritten; far beyond ordinary people's level, as in 「並外れた体力」.
  • Related非凡ひぼんWrittenWritten; extraordinary talent, as in 「非凡な才能」, often as praise.
  • Related特異とくいWrittenWritten; peculiar or singular, as in 「特異体質」; stresses abnormality.
  • Related例外的れいがいてきWrittenWritten; constituting an exception, as in 「例外的な措置」.
  • Related異色いしょくWrittenWritten; distinctive, as in 「異色の経歴」, with a sense of freshness.
  • Related桁外れけたはずれCasualColloquial; on a scale far beyond the norm, as in 「桁外れの金額」, with a note of astonishment.
  • RelatedただならぬWrittenWritten; out of the ordinary, often uneasy, as in 「ただならぬ気配」.
  • Related人並みはずれたひとなみはずれたWrittenWritten; beyond the average person, often of ability or physique, as in 「人並み外れた力」.
  • Antonym普通ふつうNeutralThe opposite of 「特別」: ordinary, with nothing special about it.
  • Antonym一般いっぱんNeutralThe opposite of 「特別」: general or common, as in 「一般の人」 and 「一般公開」.
  • Antonym通常つうじょうNeutralThe opposite of 「特別」: the usual situation, as in 「通常料金」 versus 「特別料金」.

「特別」 is the default for special. For praise of something exceptional use 「格別」; for a special nature 「特殊」; for unusual circumstances 「異例」; for extraordinary ability 「非凡」 or 「並外れ」. The adverb 'especially' is 「特に」. The opposites are 「普通」 and 「一般」.

Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only

Japanese definitions
  1. 一般いっぱんと異ことなる性質せいしつを持もっており、広ひろく通用つうようしている物ものとは区別くべつされる様子ようす。
  2. 特段とくだんの取り扱とりあつかうをする様子ようす。格別かくべつ。
  3. (程度ていどを強つよめて)特とくに。とりわけ。
  4. (打消うちけしを伴ともなって、程度ていどが強つよくないことを表あらわす)それほど。たいして。
  5. (打消うちけしを伴ともなって、取り立とりたてるべきものがないことを表あらわす)これといって。別段べつだん。
Kanji in this word
English equivalents
See also

JLPT vocabulary levels are community estimates, not official (no official lists have been published since the 2010 revision).

Say it right, write it right

Core lookup works fully offline, with cloud pronunciation and one-tap save & review. Free, no sign-up.

Free downloadWindowsFree downloadmacOSDownload on the App StoreGet it on Google Play
MobileiOS / Android

Android

QR code for the Google Play pageGet it on Google Play

Scan it with your Android phone to install, or search for “Tomoshi” on Google Play.

iOS

QR code for the App Store pageDownload on the App Store

Scan it with your iPhone camera to install, or search for “Tomoshi” in the App Store.

Install the browser extensionLook words up on any web page · Chrome / Edge / Safari

Screenshot of a Tomoshi lookup resultScreenshot of Tomoshi lookup results on a phone

Windows macOS Chrome / Edge / Safari extension iOS / Android