特別|とくべつtokubetsu[0]heiban (flat)
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- na-adjective, no-adjective, adverbspecial; particular; extraordinary; exceptional; especial
Conjugation
| Plain form | 特別(とくべつ) |
|---|---|
| Polite (desu) | 特別です(とくべつです) |
| Negative (dewa nai) | 特別ではない(とくべつではない) |
| polite (dewa arimasen) | 特別ではありません(とくべつではありません) |
| Past (datta) | 特別だった(とくべつだった) |
| Past negative (dewa nakatta) | 特別ではなかった(とくべつではなかった) |
| Te form (de) | 特別で(とくべつで) |
| Adverbial (ni) | 特別に(とくべつに) |
| Conditional (nara) | 特別なら(とくべつなら) |
Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.
- Synonym格別かくべつWrittenWritten; exceptional and set apart, often as praise, as in 「格別の味」; 「特別」 is more neutral.
- SynonymとりわけWrittenWritten adverb; especially, singling one out from many; 「特別」 is an adjectival noun.
- Synonym殊にことにWrittenWritten adverb; particularly, slightly refined, as in 「ことに今年は暑い」.
- SynonymスペシャルCasualColloquial loanword; special, or a TV special, as in 「スペシャルメニュー」.
- SynonymとびきりCasualColloquial; top-notch, the very best, as in 「とびきりの笑顔」, with a note of praise.
- Synonym特にとくにNeutralAdverb, 'especially'; 「特別」 is an adjectival noun or noun.
- Synonym中にもなかにもWrittenWritten; especially among many; today 「中でも」 is more common, and this sounds dated.
- Synonym異例いれいWrittenWritten; rare and unusual, as in 「異例の人事」 and 「異例の暑さ」; 「特別」 broadly means differing from the norm.
- Synonym特殊とくしゅNeutralSpecial in nature, as in 「特殊な技術」; about belonging to a different category.
- SynonymひときわWrittenWritten adverb; strikingly, as in 「ひときわ目立つ」; about standing out.
- SynonymわけてWrittenWritten; especially, all the more; uncommon today, often as 「わけても」.
- SynonymなかんずくWrittenElegant, old-fashioned written word for 'above all, among many'; met in formal speeches and papers.
- Synonym別してべっしてWrittenWritten; especially, with an old-fashioned tone; today people tend to say 「特に」.
- Synonym立ててたててWrittenWritten adverb for especially; seldom used on its own today. In everyday speech use 「特別」 or 「特に」.
- Related格段かくだんWrittenWritten; a marked gap, as in 「格段の進歩」; about the size of the difference.
- Related並み外れなみはずれWrittenWritten; far beyond ordinary people's level, as in 「並外れた体力」.
- Related非凡ひぼんWrittenWritten; extraordinary talent, as in 「非凡な才能」, often as praise.
- Related特異とくいWrittenWritten; peculiar or singular, as in 「特異体質」; stresses abnormality.
- Related例外的れいがいてきWrittenWritten; constituting an exception, as in 「例外的な措置」.
- Related異色いしょくWrittenWritten; distinctive, as in 「異色の経歴」, with a sense of freshness.
- Related桁外れけたはずれCasualColloquial; on a scale far beyond the norm, as in 「桁外れの金額」, with a note of astonishment.
- RelatedただならぬWrittenWritten; out of the ordinary, often uneasy, as in 「ただならぬ気配」.
- Related人並みはずれたひとなみはずれたWrittenWritten; beyond the average person, often of ability or physique, as in 「人並み外れた力」.
- Antonym普通ふつうNeutralThe opposite of 「特別」: ordinary, with nothing special about it.
- Antonym一般いっぱんNeutralThe opposite of 「特別」: general or common, as in 「一般の人」 and 「一般公開」.
- Antonym通常つうじょうNeutralThe opposite of 「特別」: the usual situation, as in 「通常料金」 versus 「特別料金」.
「特別」 is the default for special. For praise of something exceptional use 「格別」; for a special nature 「特殊」; for unusual circumstances 「異例」; for extraordinary ability 「非凡」 or 「並外れ」. The adverb 'especially' is 「特に」. The opposites are 「普通」 and 「一般」.
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only


