How to say "include" in Japanese

• 含めるふくめるJLPT N2approx.Common
  ichidan verb, transitive verbThe straightforward transitive sense: deliberately counting something into a group, list, or scope. Use it when the subject actively includes an item or person, rather than merely containing it.
  ウィンブルドンには、センターコートを含ふくめて１８の芝生しばふコートがある。↗

  Wimbledon has eighteen grass courts, including the Center Court.
• 組み込むくみこむJLPT N1approx.Common
  godan verb, transitive verbCovers 'include' as building something in: inserting it so that it works as part of a system, plan, or schedule. Not the default word for simply counting items into a group.
  モデムはコンピューターの中なかに組み込くみこまれた。↗

  The modem was built into the computer.
• 交えるまじえるJLPT N1approx.Common
  ichidan verb, transitive verbReally means to mix or intermingle; as 'include' it fits when something is blended in among other elements rather than added as a separate item. Seldom the word for plain group inclusion.
  その詩しは韻文いんぶんに散文さんぶんをまじえている。↗

  That poem mixes prose with poetry.
• 盛り込むもりこむCommon
  godan verb, transitive verbTo incorporate: taking something into a plan, proposal, or document so that it becomes one of that whole's elements. Typical when a draft or policy includes ideas, conditions, or requests.
  あまりにも短時間たんじかんに、あまりにもたくさんのことを盛り込もりこむと、よい戦術せんじゅつは生うまれない。↗

  If there are too many irons in the fire in too short a time, good strategy cannot result.
• 含むふくむJLPT N3approx.Common
  godan verb, transitive verbThe state side of 'include': a whole that contains, comprises, or holds something within it. Choose it when describing what a group or thing has inside, not the act of adding.
  このビタミン剤びたみんざいは栄養分えいようぶんを豊富ほうふに含ふくんでいる。↗

  The vitamin pill contains abundant nutrition.

Choose 「含める」 for the act of counting something into a group or scope and 「含む」 for a whole that contains it; 「組み込む」 and 「盛り込む」 work things into systems or plans, while 「交える」 blends something in among other elements.

Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only

• 含めるふくめるto include (in a group or scope)
• 組み込むくみこむto insert
• 交えるまじえるto mix
• 盛り込むもりこむto incorporate
• 含むふくむto contain
• 含ませるふくませるto soak
• インクルードinclude
• 寄すよすto include
• 包めるくるめるto lump together
• 含ますふくますto soak
• 加えるくわえるto include
• 込めるこめるto include (e.g. tax in a sales price)
• 収めるおさめるto include (in an anthology, catalogue, etc.)
• 織り込むおりこむto incorporate
• 繰り込むくりこむto incorporate (in)
• 入れるいれるto include
• 寄せるよせるto include
• かぶせるto add (e.g. music to a video)