下|したshita[0]heiban (flat)

JLPT N5approx.Common
Definitions
  1. nounbelow; down; under; younger (e.g. daughter)
    「ところでよ、そのおめーのお父とうさんはどこにいんのさ?」「横転おうてんしたトラックの下したなんよ」↗
    "By the way, where's your old man?" "Under that over-turned truck."
  2. nounbottom
    下したに署名しょめいしてください。↗
    Sign at the bottom, please.
  3. nounbeneath; underneath
    雨あめが私のレインコートの下したまでしみとおった。↗
    The rain penetrated my raincoat.
  4. nounjust after; right afteras 下から, 下より, etc.
  5. no-adjectiveinferiority; one's inferior (i.e. one's junior)
    私はダンテをミルトンのしたに置おく。↗
    I put Milton after Dante.
  6. nountrade-in
  7. noun (prefix)preliminary; preparatory
Synonyms & antonyms
  • Related底そこNeutralThe very bottom of a container or body of water, as in 「鍋の底」「海の底」; 「下」 just means below and does not have to be the bottom.
  • Related底辺ていへんNeutralThe base of a triangle or other figure, or the bottom of society, as in 「社会の底辺」; 「下」 is the general word for below.
  • Related麓ふもとNeutralSpecifically the foot of a mountain and the area around it, as in 「富士山の麓」; only mountains take this word, while 「下」 is a general direction word.
  • Related裾すそNeutralThe hem of a garment or trouser cuffs, also the lower edge of curtains or a mountain foot, as in 「ズボンの裾」; it stresses the lower edge of an object.
  • Related基部きぶWrittenWritten/formal prose for the root or basal part of an object, used in technical and anatomical descriptions; 「下」 only indicates direction.
  • Related基底きていWrittenWritten/formal prose for a foundation or basis, or a base in mathematics; not used in everyday speech for what is below.
  • Related底面ていめんWrittenThe bottom face of an object, as in 「箱の底面」, and a geometry term; limited to the surface itself, not the bottom part in general.
  • Related底部ていぶWrittenThe bottom part of an object, as in 「容器の底部」; more written/formal than 「底」, while 「下」 can also mean the space below.
  • Antonym上うえNeutralAbove, over, the top or surface; the exact opposite of 「下」 in position, and both are basic everyday words.

For below or underneath in general, 「下」 is the default. Use 「底」 for the bottom of a container or water, 「麓」 for a mountain foot, 「裾」 for hems and cuffs. In written prose, 「底部」 is the bottom part and 「底面」 the bottom face; 「底辺」, 「基部」 and 「基底」 are specialized.

Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only

Japanese definitions
  1. 【した、しも、もと】足あしの方向ほうこう。
  2. 【した、しも、もと】重力じゅうりょくの作用さようする空間くうかんにおいて、重力じゅうりょくにより引き寄ひきよせられる方向ほうこう。
  3. 【もと】法令ほうれいなどの影響えいきょうがおよぶ範囲はんい。
  4. 【した、しも、もと】命令めいれいなどの強制力きょうせいりょくを受うける側がわ。従したがう側がわ。
  5. 【ゲ】成績評価せいせきひょうかで、劣おとっている状態じょうたい。
  6. 【ゲ】 大規模だいきぼな文章ぶんしょうや書籍しょせきなどで、終おわり中ちゅうの方ほうの部分ぶぶん。
  7. 【した】あらかじめ用意よういする。
  8. 【カ】 その効力こうりょくや支配しはいの及およぶ状態じょうたいにあること。
  9. 【カ】 それよりも下層かそうにある部分ぶぶん。
Kanji in this word
English equivalents
See also

JLPT vocabulary levels are community estimates, not official (no official lists have been published since the 2010 revision).

Say it right, write it right

Core lookup works fully offline, with cloud pronunciation and one-tap save & review. Free, no sign-up.

Free downloadWindowsFree downloadmacOSDownload on the App StoreGet it on Google Play
MobileiOS / Android

Android

QR code for the Google Play pageGet it on Google Play

Scan it with your Android phone to install, or search for “Tomoshi” on Google Play.

iOS

QR code for the App Store pageDownload on the App Store

Scan it with your iPhone camera to install, or search for “Tomoshi” in the App Store.

Install the browser extensionLook words up on any web page · Chrome / Edge / Safari

Screenshot of a Tomoshi lookup resultScreenshot of Tomoshi lookup results on a phone

Windows macOS Chrome / Edge / Safari extension iOS / Android