法|ほうhou[0]heiban (flat)

JLPT N3approx.Common
Definitions
  1. noun, noun (suffix)law; act; principle
    すべての人ひとは法ほうの前まえに平等びょうどうです。↗
    Everybody is equal before the law.
  2. noun, noun (suffix)method
    これは生物せいぶつの学習がくしゅう法ほうとしてはあまりよくないと思おもう。↗
    I don't think this is a good approach to biology.
  3. noun, noun (suffix), grammarmood
  4. noun, noun (suffix), Buddhismdharma; law
Synonyms & antonyms
  • Synonym法令ほうれいFormalFormal umbrella term for statutes, ordinances and cabinet orders, as in 「法令遵守」. More concrete and formal than 「法」.
  • Synonym法則ほうそくNeutralNeutral term for a law that necessarily holds in nature or society, e.g. 「万有引力の法則」. 「法」 is broader, also covering rules and methods.
  • Synonym法度はっとWrittenWritten register. Laws of the samurai era; today mostly in 「ご法度」, meaning something taboo or strictly forbidden.
  • Synonym法律ほうりつNeutralNeutral term for written law enacted by the Diet, e.g. 「法律を守る」. 「法」 is more abstract, also covering natural laws and methods.
  • Synonym定めさだめWrittenWritten register. Provisions or agreements, but also fate, as in 「運命の定め」; the tone is literary.
  • Synonym掟おきてNeutralNeutral term for rules kept within a group, e.g. 「村の掟」. Carries a traditional, unwritten nuance unlike the abstract 「法」.
  • Synonym原則げんそくNeutralNeutral term for a basic rule; often in 「原則として」, meaning as a general rule with exceptions allowed.
  • Synonym法規ほうきFormalFormal. Laws and regulations, especially those defining rights and duties, e.g. 「交通法規」.
  • Related規則きそくNeutralNeutral word for rules within an organization or activity, e.g. 「学校の規則」. Narrower and more concrete than 「法」.
  • Related規律きりつNeutralNeutral term for the discipline that keeps a group in order, e.g. 「規律正しい生活」; stresses observing order.
  • Related規程きていFormalFormal. A set of internal rules on office procedures within a ministry or company, e.g. 「就業規程」.
  • Related法制ほうせいWrittenWritten register. The overall system of laws and institutions, e.g. 「法制化」「法制度」; takes a macro view.
  • Related準則じゅんそくWrittenWritten/formal prose. Rules or standards to be followed, found mainly in legal and administrative documents.
  • Related律りつWrittenWritten register. Ancient East Asian criminal codes or Buddhist precepts, e.g. 「律令」; rarely used alone today.
  • Antonym無法むほうWrittenAntonym, written register. Disregard for law, lawless and violent behavior, e.g. 「無法地帯」—the opposite of the order 「法」 maintains.

Use 「法」 for law in the abstract, including natural laws and methods. For law enacted by the Diet say 「法律」; for natural or social laws 「法則」; for rules within an organization 「規則」; for a group's traditional code 「掟」; for basic principles 「原則」. 「法令」「規程」「法規」 are formal terms for specific legal texts, 「法制」 is the system as a whole, and 「無法」 is the antonym for lawlessness.

Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only

Japanese definitions
  1. ある条件じょうけん・状況じょうきょうに対たいして、一定いっていの結果けっか・効果こうかが、常つねに発生はっせいすること。きまり、のり、ルール。
  2. 社会しゃかい生活せいかつを送おくるならば、守まもらなければならない決きまり。道徳どうとく。しきたり。
  3. 社会的しゃかいてき規範きはんのうち、裁判さいばんの判断はんだんの基準きじゅんとなるもの。法律ほうりつの他た、諸しょ法令ほうれいや慣習法かんしゅうほう・自然法しぜんほう等とうを含ふくむ。
  4. 法則ほうそく、真理しんり。
  5. 存在そんざい。
  6. 動詞どうしの文法ぶんぽう範疇はんちゅうのひとつ。内容ないようの確たしかさ、話者わしゃの態度たいどなどを表現ひょうげんする。直説じきせつ法ほう・接続法せつぞくほう・仮定法かていほう・命令めいれい法ほうなどがある。
  7. 計算方法けいさんほうほう、特とくに四則しそく演算えんざん。
  8. 剰余じょうよ系けいにおいて、整数せいすう m を n で割わったとき、商しょうが q で剰余じょうよが r であるとき、即すなわちm = qn + r (0 ≤ r < n)が成立せいりつしているときのn。
  9. (珠算しゅざん)乗数じょうすう・除数じょすうのこと。
  10. ある分野ぶんや・ジャンルにおける様々さまざまな方法ほうほう、技法ぎほう、対処法たいしょほう。
  11. ある特定とくていの法式ほうしき、やりかた。
Kanji in this word
English equivalents
See also

JLPT vocabulary levels are community estimates, not official (no official lists have been published since the 2010 revision).

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