張る・貼る|はるharu[0]heiban (flat)
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- godan verb, transitive verbto stick; to paste; to affixesp. 貼る
- godan verb, intransitive verb, transitive verbto stretch; to spread; to strain; to tighten; to put up (e.g. a tent)
- godan verb, intransitive verbto form (e.g. ice on a pond)
- godan verb, intransitive verb, transitive verbto fill; to swell
- godan verb, transitive verbto stick out; to push out
- godan verb, transitive verbto post (a link, etc. online)
- godan verb, intransitive verbto be expensive
- godan verb, transitive verbto keep a watch on; to be on the lookout
- godan verb, transitive verbto slap
- godan verb, intransitive verb, mahjongto become one tile away from completion
- godan verb, transitive verb, mathto span; to generate
Conjugation
| Dictionary form | 張る(はる) |
|---|---|
| Polite (masu) | 張ります(はります) |
| Negative (nai) | 張らない(はらない) |
| polite (masen) | 張りません(はりません) |
| classical zu / nu | 張らず・張らぬ(はらず・はらぬ) |
| Past (ta) | 張った(はった) |
| polite (mashita) | 張りました(はりました) |
| Past negative (nakatta) | 張らなかった(はらなかった) |
| polite (masen deshita) | 張りませんでした(はりませんでした) |
| Te form | 張って(はって) |
| Potential | 張れる(はれる) |
| Passive | 張られる(はられる) |
| Causative | 張らせる(はらせる) |
| Causative passive | 張らせられる・張らされる(はらせられる・はらされる) |
| Conditional (ba) | 張れば(はれば) |
| tara | 張ったら(はったら) |
| Volitional | 張ろう(はろう) |
| polite (mashou) | 張りましょう(はりましょう) |
| Imperative | 張れ(はれ) |
Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.
- Synonym貼り付けるはりつけるNeutralFor sticking things firmly, e.g. 「シールを貼り付ける」; also used for stationing personnel somewhere. 「張る」 covers stretching and tightening as well.
- SynonymくっつけるCasualColloquial. Means pressing two things tightly together, not limited to pasting onto a flat surface.
- Synonym貼付ちょうふWrittenWritten/formal prose. Pasting on photos, stamps and the like; used for forms and documents.
- Synonym糊付けのりづけNeutralPasting with paste or glue, or starching clothes. Neutral register.
- Synonym糊するのりするWrittenWritten/formal prose. Pasting with paste; also 「口を糊する」, meaning to scrape by on a meager living.
- Synonym糊着こちゃくWrittenWritten/formal prose and very rare. Fixing something in place with glue.
- Related引っ張るひっぱるNeutralPulling hard, or tightening a rope. 「張る」 focuses on the state of being stretched taut and spread out.
- Related接着せっちゃくNeutralBonding with glue, as in 「接着剤」; focuses on the joining itself rather than stretching.
- Related引き締めるひきしめるNeutralTightening or bracing, e.g. 「気を引き締める」; focuses on tightening up, including one's mind.
- RelatedつけるNeutralThe broadest term: attaching, fitting, adding. 「張る」 focuses on pasting flat onto a surface or stretching out.
- RelatedかけるNeutralHanging up or covering, e.g. 「布を掛ける」; focuses on suspending or draping over, not stretching.
- Related張り出すはりだすNeutralProjecting outward, or putting up a notice, e.g. 「掲示を張り出す」.
- Related張り詰めるはりつめるNeutralStretched completely taut, or a tense atmosphere; also ice or tiles covering a whole surface.
- Related腫れるはれるNeutralSimilar in sound (はれる vs. はる), not a true homophone: swelling from inflammation, close to 「張る」 in the sense of being distended, but limited to the body.
- Related引き伸ばすひきのばすNeutralStretching longer, enlarging photos, or delaying; focuses on extending, e.g. prolonging a meeting.
- Antonym緩むゆるむNeutralAntonym of 「張る」 in the tightening sense: becoming loose, slack or lax.
- AntonymたるむNeutralAlso a slackening of mood or vigilance, the opposite of 「気が張る」.
- Antonym縮むちぢむNeutralAntonym of 「張る」 in the stretching sense: shrinking or contracting in size.
Default to 「張る」 for sticking (often written 「貼る」), stretching and tightening. Use 「貼り付ける」 to paste firmly, 「引っ張る」 to pull hard, 「引き締める」 to brace oneself, and 「張り出す」 to post a notice.
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only


